simplify http response construction; deprecate httpcodes

examples/protobuf/src/protobuf.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ use actix_web::http::header::{CONTENT_TYPE, CONTENT_LENGTH};
 use actix_web::{Responder, HttpMessage, HttpRequest, HttpResponse};
 use actix_web::dev::HttpResponseBuilder;
 use actix_web::error::{Error, PayloadError, ResponseError};
-use actix_web::httpcodes::{HttpBadRequest, HttpPayloadTooLarge};
 
 
 #[derive(Fail, Debug)]
@@ -36,8 +35,8 @@ impl ResponseError for ProtoBufPayloadError {
 
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
         match *self {
-            ProtoBufPayloadError::Overflow => HttpPayloadTooLarge.into(),
+            ProtoBufPayloadError::Overflow => HttpResponse::PayloadTooLarge().into(),
-            _ => HttpBadRequest.into(),
+            _ => HttpResponse::BadRequest().into(),
         }
     }
 }

examples/web-cors/backend/src/main.rs

@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@ extern crate actix_web;
 extern crate env_logger;
 
 use std::env;
-use actix_web::{
+use actix_web::{http, middleware, server, Application};
-    http, middleware, server,
-    Application};
 
 mod user;
 use user::info;

examples/web-cors/backend/src/user.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{Error, HttpMessage, HttpResponse, HttpRequest};
 use futures::Future;
 
 
@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ pub fn info(req: HttpRequest) -> Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>> {
     req.json()
         .from_err()
         .and_then(|res: Info| {
-            Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.build().json(res)?)
+            Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().json(res))
         }).responder()
 }

guide/src/qs_10.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Here is an example of a simple middleware that adds request and response headers
 # extern crate http;
 # extern crate actix_web;
 use http::{header, HttpTryFrom};
-use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result, httpcodes};
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result};
 use actix_web::middleware::{Middleware, Started, Response};
 
 struct Headers;  // <- Our middleware
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ impl<S> Middleware<S> for Headers {
 fn main() {
     Application::new()
        .middleware(Headers)  // <- Register middleware, this method can be called multiple times
-       .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk));
+       .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()));
 }
 ```
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ the specified header.
 
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use actix_web::{Application, http, httpcodes, middleware};
+use actix_web::{http, middleware, Application, HttpResponse};
 
 fn main() {
     let app = Application::new()
@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ fn main() {
                 .header("X-Version", "0.2")
                 .finish())
         .resource("/test", |r| {
-             r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|req| httpcodes::HttpOk);
+             r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|req| HttpResponse::Ok());
-             r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|req| httpcodes::HttpMethodNotAllowed);
+             r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|req| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed());
         })
        .finish();
 }

guide/src/qs_14.md

@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ fn index(req: HttpRequest<State>) -> Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>>
         .from_err()
         .and_then(|res| {
             match res {
-                Ok(user) => Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.build().json(user)?),
+                Ok(user) => Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().json(user)),
-                Err(_) => Ok(httpcodes::HttpInternalServerError.into())
+                Err(_) => Ok(HttpResponse::InternalServerError().into())
             }
         })
         .responder()

guide/src/qs_2.md

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Here is full source of main.rs file:
 ```rust
 # use std::thread;
 extern crate actix_web;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, HttpServer};
 
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> &'static str {
     "Hello world!"

guide/src/qs_3.md

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ but path `/application` would not match.
 ```rust,ignore
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # extern crate tokio_core;
-# use actix_web::*;
+# use actix_web::{*, http::Method};
 # fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> &'static str {
 #    "Hello world!"
 # }
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@ Multiple applications can be served with one server:
 # extern crate tokio_core;
 # use tokio_core::net::TcpStream;
 # use std::net::SocketAddr;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpResponse, HttpServer};
 
 fn main() {
     HttpServer::new(|| vec![
         Application::new()
             .prefix("/app1")
-            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|r| httpcodes::HttpOk)),
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|r| HttpResponse::Ok())),
         Application::new()
             .prefix("/app2")
-            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|r| httpcodes::HttpOk)),
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|r| HttpResponse::Ok())),
         Application::new()
-            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|r| httpcodes::HttpOk)),
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|r| HttpResponse::Ok())),
     ]);
 }
 ```

guide/src/qs_3_5.md

@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ within a properly configured actix system:
 # extern crate actix;
 # extern crate actix_web;
 use actix::*;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{server, Application, HttpResponse};
 
 fn main() {
     let sys = actix::System::new("guide");
 
-    HttpServer::new(
+    server::new(
         || Application::new()
-            .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)))
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
         .bind("127.0.0.1:59080").unwrap()
         .start();
 
@@ -46,18 +46,19 @@ address of the started http server. Actix http server accepts several messages:
 # extern crate actix;
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # use futures::Future;
-use actix_web::*;
 use std::thread;
 use std::sync::mpsc;
+use actix::*;
+use actix_web::{server, Application, HttpResponse, HttpServer};
 
 fn main() {
     let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
 
     thread::spawn(move || {
         let sys = actix::System::new("http-server");
-        let addr = HttpServer::new(
+        let addr = server::new(
             || Application::new()
-                .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)))
+                .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
             .bind("127.0.0.1:0").expect("Can not bind to 127.0.0.1:0")
             .shutdown_timeout(60)    // <- Set shutdown timeout to 60 seconds
             .start();
@@ -80,12 +81,12 @@ can be overridden with the `HttpServer::threads()` method.
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # extern crate tokio_core;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpServer, HttpResponse};
 
 fn main() {
     HttpServer::new(
         || Application::new()
-            .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)))
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
         .threads(4); // <- Start 4 workers
 }
 ```
@@ -109,16 +110,16 @@ use std::fs::File;
 use actix_web::*;
 
 fn main() {
-    let mut file = File::open("identity.pfx").unwrap();
+    // load ssl keys
-    let mut pkcs12 = vec![];
+    let mut builder = SslAcceptor::mozilla_intermediate(SslMethod::tls()).unwrap();
-    file.read_to_end(&mut pkcs12).unwrap();
+    builder.set_private_key_file("key.pem", SslFiletype::PEM).unwrap();
-    let pkcs12 = Pkcs12::from_der(&pkcs12).unwrap().parse("12345").unwrap();
+    builder.set_certificate_chain_file("cert.pem").unwrap();
 
     HttpServer::new(
         || Application::new()
             .resource("/index.html", |r| r.f(index)))
         .bind("127.0.0.1:8080").unwrap()
-        .serve_ssl(pkcs12).unwrap();
+        .serve_ssl(builder).unwrap();
 }
 ```
 
@@ -142,22 +143,22 @@ connection behavior is defined by server settings.
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # extern crate tokio_core;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{server, Application, HttpResponse};
 
 fn main() {
-    HttpServer::new(||
+    server::new(||
         Application::new()
-            .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)))
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
         .keep_alive(75); // <- Set keep-alive to 75 seconds
 
-    HttpServer::new(||
+    server::new(||
         Application::new()
-            .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)))
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
         .keep_alive(server::KeepAlive::Tcp(75)); // <- Use `SO_KEEPALIVE` socket option.
 
-    HttpServer::new(||
+    server::new(||
         Application::new()
-            .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)))
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
         .keep_alive(None); // <- Disable keep-alive
 }
 ```
@@ -172,13 +173,13 @@ and is on for *HTTP/1.1* and *HTTP/2.0*.
 
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use actix_web::{HttpRequest, HttpResponse, http, httpcodes::HttpOk};
+use actix_web::{HttpRequest, HttpResponse, http};
 
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-    HttpOk.build()
+    HttpResponse::Ok()
         .connection_type(http::ConnectionType::Close) // <- Close connection
         .force_close()                                // <- Alternative method
-        .finish().unwrap()
+        .finish()
 }
 # fn main() {}
 ```

guide/src/qs_4.md

@@ -52,10 +52,8 @@ of application state objects and handler objects.
 Here is an example of a handler that stores the number of processed requests:
 
 ```rust
-# extern crate actix;
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, dev::Handler};
-use actix_web::dev::Handler;
 
 struct MyHandler(usize);
 
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ impl<S> Handler<S> for MyHandler {
     /// Handle request
     fn handle(&mut self, req: HttpRequest<S>) -> Self::Result {
         self.0 += 1;
-        httpcodes::HttpOk.into()
+        HttpResponse::Ok().into()
     }
 }
 # fn main() {}
@@ -77,8 +75,7 @@ number of requests processed per thread. A proper implementation would use `Arc`
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix;
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{server, Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, dev::Handler};
-use actix_web::dev::Handler;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 
@@ -90,7 +87,7 @@ impl<S> Handler<S> for MyHandler {
     /// Handle request
     fn handle(&mut self, req: HttpRequest<S>) -> Self::Result {
         self.0.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-        httpcodes::HttpOk.into()
+        HttpResponse::Ok().into()
     }
 }
 
@@ -99,7 +96,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     let inc = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
 
-    HttpServer::new(
+    server::new(
         move || {
             let cloned = inc.clone();
             Application::new()
@@ -148,7 +145,7 @@ impl Responder for MyObj {
         // Create response and set content type
         Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
             .content_type("application/json")
-            .body(body)?)
+            .body(body))
     }
 }
 
@@ -189,10 +186,9 @@ that implements the [*Responder*](../actix_web/trait.Responder.html) trait. In t
 # use futures::future::{Future, result};
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>> {
 
-    result(HttpResponse::Ok()
+    result(Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
               .content_type("text/html")
-           .body(format!("Hello!"))
+              .body(format!("Hello!"))))
-           .map_err(|e| e.into()))
            .responder()
 }
 
@@ -224,7 +220,7 @@ fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
 
     HttpResponse::Ok()
        .content_type("application/json")
-       .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(body))).unwrap()
+       .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(body)))
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -253,9 +249,9 @@ fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> Result<Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>>
        Err(error::ErrorBadRequest("bad request"))
     } else {
        Ok(Box::new(
-           result(HttpResponse::Ok()
+           result(Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
                   .content_type("text/html")
-                  .body(format!("Hello!")))))
+                  .body(format!("Hello!"))))))
     }
 }
 #
@@ -281,20 +277,19 @@ For this case the [*Either*](../actix_web/enum.Either.html) type can be used.
 # use actix_web::*;
 # use futures::future::Future;
 use futures::future::result;
-use actix_web::{Either, Error, HttpResponse, httpcodes};
+use actix_web::{Either, Error, HttpResponse};
 
 type RegisterResult = Either<HttpResponse, Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>>>;
 
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> RegisterResult {
     if is_a_variant() { // <- choose variant A
         Either::A(
-            httpcodes::HttpBadRequest.with_body("Bad data"))
+            HttpResponse::BadRequest().body("Bad data"))
     } else {
         Either::B(      // <- variant B
-            result(HttpResponse::Ok()
+            result(Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
                    .content_type("text/html")
-                   .body(format!("Hello!"))
+                   .body(format!("Hello!")))).responder())
-                   .map_err(|e| e.into())).responder())
     }
 }
 # fn is_a_variant() -> bool { true }

guide/src/qs_4_5.md

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ to return different responses for different types of errors.
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
 #[macro_use] extern crate failure;
-use actix_web::{Application, Body, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, http, error};
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, http, error};
 
 #[derive(Fail, Debug)]
 enum MyError {
@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ impl error::ResponseError for MyError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
        match *self {
           MyError::InternalError => HttpResponse::new(
-              http::StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, Body::Empty),
+              http::StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR),
           MyError::BadClientData => HttpResponse::new(
-              http::StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty),
+              http::StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST),
           MyError::Timeout => HttpResponse::new(
-              http::StatusCode::GATEWAY_TIMEOUT, Body::Empty),
+              http::StatusCode::GATEWAY_TIMEOUT),
        }
     }
 }

guide/src/qs_5.md

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ and a resource configuration function.
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, http::Method};
-# use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
 #
 # fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
 #   unimplemented!()
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ fn main() {
     Application::new()
         .resource("/prefix", |r| r.f(index))
         .resource("/user/{name}",
-             |r| r.method(Method::GET).f(|req| HttpOk))
+             |r| r.method(Method::GET).f(|req| HttpResponse::Ok()))
         .finish();
 }
 ```
@@ -62,7 +61,6 @@ any number of *predicates* but only one handler.
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # use actix_web::*;
-# use actix_web::httpcodes::*;
 
 fn main() {
     Application::new()
@@ -70,13 +68,13 @@ fn main() {
             resource.route()
               .filter(pred::Get())
               .filter(pred::Header("content-type", "text/plain"))
-              .f(|req| HttpOk)
+              .f(|req| HttpResponse::Ok())
         )
         .finish();
 }
 ```
 
-In this example `HttpOk` is returned for *GET* requests,
+In this example `HttpResponse::Ok()` is returned for *GET* requests,
 if request contains `Content-Type` header and value of this header is *text/plain*
 and path equals to `/path`. Resource calls handle of the first matching route.
 If a resource can not match any route a "NOT FOUND" response is returned.
@@ -367,18 +365,17 @@ resource with the name "foo" and the pattern "{a}/{b}/{c}", you might do this:
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, http::Method};
-# use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
 #
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
     let url = req.url_for("foo", &["1", "2", "3"]); // <- generate url for "foo" resource
-    HttpOk.into()
+    HttpResponse::Ok().into()
 }
 
 fn main() {
     let app = Application::new()
         .resource("/test/{a}/{b}/{c}", |r| {
              r.name("foo");  // <- set resource name, then it could be used in `url_for`
-             r.method(Method::GET).f(|_| HttpOk);
+             r.method(Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
         })
         .finish();
 }
@@ -397,12 +394,12 @@ for URL generation purposes only and are never considered for matching at reques
 
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Error};
 
-fn index(mut req: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse> {
+fn index(mut req: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
     let url = req.url_for("youtube", &["oHg5SJYRHA0"])?;
     assert_eq!(url.as_str(), "https://youtube.com/watch/oHg5SJYRHA0");
-    Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+    Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().into())
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -439,8 +436,8 @@ This handler designed to be use as a handler for application's *default resource
 # use actix_web::*;
 use actix_web::http::NormalizePath;
 #
-# fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> httpcodes::StaticResponse {
+# fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-#    httpcodes::HttpOk
+#    HttpResponse::Ok().into()
 # }
 fn main() {
     let app = Application::new()
@@ -462,10 +459,10 @@ It is possible to register path normalization only for *GET* requests only:
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # #[macro_use] extern crate serde_derive;
-use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, http::Method, http::NormalizePath, httpcodes};
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, http::Method, http::NormalizePath};
 #
-# fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> httpcodes::StaticResponse {
+# fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> &'static str {
-#    httpcodes::HttpOk
+#    "test"
 # }
 fn main() {
     let app = Application::new()
@@ -519,18 +516,15 @@ Here is a simple predicate that check that a request contains a specific *header
 
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
-# extern crate http;
 # use actix_web::*;
-# use actix_web::httpcodes::*;
+use actix_web::{http, pred::Predicate, Application, HttpRequest};
-use http::header::CONTENT_TYPE;
-use actix_web::pred::Predicate;
 
 struct ContentTypeHeader;
 
 impl<S: 'static> Predicate<S> for ContentTypeHeader {
 
     fn check(&self, req: &mut HttpRequest<S>) -> bool {
-       req.headers().contains_key(CONTENT_TYPE)
+       req.headers().contains_key(http::header::CONTENT_TYPE)
     }
 }
 
@@ -539,7 +533,7 @@ fn main() {
         .resource("/index.html", |r|
            r.route()
               .filter(ContentTypeHeader)
-              .h(HttpOk));
+              .f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()));
 }
 ```
 
@@ -559,15 +553,14 @@ except "GET":
 # extern crate actix_web;
 # extern crate http;
 # use actix_web::*;
-# use actix_web::httpcodes::*;
+use actix_web::{pred, Application, HttpResponse};
-use actix_web::pred;
 
 fn main() {
     Application::new()
         .resource("/index.html", |r|
            r.route()
               .filter(pred::Not(pred::Get()))
-              .f(|req| HttpMethodNotAllowed))
+              .f(|req| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed()))
         .finish();
 }
 ```
@@ -596,14 +589,14 @@ with `Application::resource()` method.
 
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use actix_web::{Application, http::Method, pred};
+use actix_web::{Application, HttpResponse, http::Method, pred};
-use actix_web::httpcodes::{HttpNotFound, HttpMethodNotAllowed};
 
 fn main() {
     Application::new()
         .default_resource(|r| {
-              r.method(Method::GET).f(|req| HttpNotFound);
+              r.method(Method::GET).f(|req| HttpResponse::NotFound());
-              r.route().filter(pred::Not(pred::Get())).f(|req| HttpMethodNotAllowed);
+              r.route().filter(pred::Not(pred::Get()))
+                  .f(|req| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed());
          })
 #        .finish();
 }

guide/src/qs_7.md

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
         .content_encoding(ContentEncoding::Br)
         .content_type("plain/text")
         .header("X-Hdr", "sample")
-        .body("data").unwrap()
+        .body("data")
 }
 # fn main() {}
 ```
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ use actix_web::{HttpRequest, HttpResponse, http::ContentEncoding};
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
     HttpResponse::Ok()
         .content_encoding(ContentEncoding::Br)
-        .body("data").unwrap()
+        .body("data")
 }
 # fn main() {}
 ```
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ fn index(mut req: HttpRequest) -> Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>> {
     req.json().from_err()
         .and_then(|val: MyObj| {
             println!("model: {:?}", val);
-            Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.build().json(val)?)  // <- send response
+            Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().json(val))  // <- send response
         })
         .responder()
 }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>> {
       // synchronous workflow
       .and_then(|body| {                           // <- body is loaded, now we can deserialize json
           let obj = serde_json::from_slice::<MyObj>(&body)?;
-          Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.build().json(obj)?) // <- send response
+          Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().json(obj))        // <- send response
       })
       .responder()
 }
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ use futures::stream::once;
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
     HttpResponse::Ok()
         .chunked()
-        .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(once(Ok(Bytes::from_static(b"data")))))).unwrap()
+        .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(once(Ok(Bytes::from_static(b"data"))))))
 }
 # fn main() {}
 ```
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ fn index(mut req: HttpRequest) -> Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>> {
        .from_err()
        .and_then(|params| {  // <- url encoded parameters
              println!("==== BODY ==== {:?}", params);
-             ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+             ok(HttpResponse::Ok().into())
        })
        .responder()
 }
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ fn index(mut req: HttpRequest) -> Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>> {
             println!("Chunk: {:?}", chunk);
             result::<_, error::PayloadError>(Ok(()))
         })
-       .map(|_| HttpResponse::Ok().finish().unwrap())
+       .map(|_| HttpResponse::Ok().finish())
        .responder()
 }
 # fn main() {}

guide/src/qs_8.md

@@ -11,31 +11,28 @@ You can generate a `HttpRequest` instance with `finish()` or you can
 run your handler with `run()` or `run_async()`.
 
 ```rust
-# extern crate http;
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use http::{header, StatusCode};
+use actix_web::{http, test, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, HttpMessage};
-use actix_web::*;
-use actix_web::test::TestRequest;
 
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-     if let Some(hdr) = req.headers().get(header::CONTENT_TYPE) {
+     if let Some(hdr) = req.headers().get(http::header::CONTENT_TYPE) {
         if let Ok(s) = hdr.to_str() {
-            return httpcodes::HttpOk.into()
+            return HttpResponse::Ok().into()
         }
      }
-     httpcodes::HttpBadRequest.into()
+     HttpResponse::BadRequest().into()
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    let resp = TestRequest::with_header("content-type", "text/plain")
+    let resp = test::TestRequest::with_header("content-type", "text/plain")
         .run(index)
         .unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::OK);
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), http::StatusCode::OK);
 
-    let resp = TestRequest::default()
+    let resp = test::TestRequest::default()
         .run(index)
         .unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST);
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), http::StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST);
 }
 ```
 
@@ -55,11 +52,11 @@ for more information.
 
 ```rust
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use actix_web::*;
+use actix_web::{HttpRequest, HttpResponse, HttpMessage};
 use actix_web::test::TestServer;
 
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-     httpcodes::HttpOk.into()
+     HttpResponse::Ok().into()
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -77,14 +74,11 @@ The other option is to use an application factory. In this case you need to pass
 function same way as you would for real http server configuration.
 
 ```rust
-# extern crate http;
 # extern crate actix_web;
-use http::Method;
+use actix_web::{http, test, Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse};
-use actix_web::*;
-use actix_web::test::TestServer;
 
 fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-     httpcodes::HttpOk.into()
+     HttpResponse::Ok().into()
 }
 
 /// This function get called by http server.
@@ -94,9 +88,10 @@ fn create_app() -> Application {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    let mut srv = TestServer::with_factory(create_app);         // <- Start new test server
+    let mut srv = test::TestServer::with_factory(create_app); // <- Start new test server
 
-    let request = srv.client(Method::GET, "/test").finish().unwrap(); // <- create client request
+    let request = srv.client(
+         http::Method::GET, "/test").finish().unwrap();       // <- create client request
     let response = srv.execute(request.send()).unwrap();      // <- send request to the server
 
     assert!(response.status().is_success());                  // <- check response

src/application.rs

@@ -178,14 +178,14 @@ impl<S> Application<S> where S: 'static {
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::{Application, http, httpcodes};
+    /// use actix_web::{http, Application, HttpResponse};
     ///
     /// fn main() {
     ///     let app = Application::new()
     ///         .prefix("/app")
     ///         .resource("/test", |r| {
-    ///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk);
+    ///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
-    ///              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpMethodNotAllowed);
+    ///              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed());
     ///         })
     ///         .finish();
     /// }
@@ -222,13 +222,13 @@ impl<S> Application<S> where S: 'static {
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::{Application, http, httpcodes};
+    /// use actix_web::{http, Application, HttpResponse};
     ///
     /// fn main() {
     ///     let app = Application::new()
     ///         .resource("/test", |r| {
-    ///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk);
+    ///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
-    ///              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpMethodNotAllowed);
+    ///              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed());
     ///         });
     /// }
     /// ```
@@ -277,12 +277,12 @@ impl<S> Application<S> where S: 'static {
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result, httpcodes};
+    /// use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result};
     ///
     /// fn index(mut req: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse> {
     ///    let url = req.url_for("youtube", &["oHg5SJYRHA0"])?;
     ///    assert_eq!(url.as_str(), "https://youtube.com/watch/oHg5SJYRHA0");
-    ///    Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+    ///    Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().into())
     /// }
     ///
     /// fn main() {
@@ -315,15 +315,15 @@ impl<S> Application<S> where S: 'static {
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, http, httpcodes};
+    /// use actix_web::{http, Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse};
     ///
     /// fn main() {
     ///     let app = Application::new()
     ///         .handler("/app", |req: HttpRequest| {
     ///             match *req.method() {
-    ///                 http::Method::GET => httpcodes::HttpOk,
+    ///                 http::Method::GET => HttpResponse::Ok(),
-    ///                 http::Method::POST => httpcodes::HttpMethodNotAllowed,
+    ///                 http::Method::POST => HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed(),
-    ///                 _ => httpcodes::HttpNotFound,
+    ///                 _ => HttpResponse::NotFound(),
     ///         }});
     /// }
     /// ```
@@ -352,14 +352,14 @@ impl<S> Application<S> where S: 'static {
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::{Application, http, httpcodes, fs, middleware};
+    /// use actix_web::{Application, HttpResponse, http, fs, middleware};
     ///
     /// // this function could be located in different module
     /// fn config(app: Application) -> Application {
     ///     app
     ///         .resource("/test", |r| {
-    ///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk);
+    ///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
-    ///              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpMethodNotAllowed);
+    ///              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed());
     ///         })
     /// }
     ///
@@ -427,11 +427,11 @@ impl<S> Application<S> where S: 'static {
     ///     HttpServer::new(|| { vec![
     ///         Application::with_state(State1)
     ///              .prefix("/app1")
-    ///              .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk))
+    ///              .resource("/", |r| r.f(|r| HttpResponse::Ok()))
     ///              .boxed(),
     ///         Application::with_state(State2)
     ///              .prefix("/app2")
-    ///              .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk))
+    ///              .resource("/", |r| r.f(|r| HttpResponse::Ok()))
     ///              .boxed() ]})
     ///         .bind("127.0.0.1:8080").unwrap()
     ///         .run()
@@ -487,12 +487,12 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use test::TestRequest;
     use httprequest::HttpRequest;
-    use httpcodes;
+    use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
 
     #[test]
     fn test_default_resource() {
         let mut app = Application::new()
-            .resource("/test", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk))
+            .resource("/test", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()))
             .finish();
 
         let req = TestRequest::with_uri("/test").finish();
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(resp.as_response().unwrap().status(), StatusCode::NOT_FOUND);
 
         let mut app = Application::new()
-            .default_resource(|r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpMethodNotAllowed))
+            .default_resource(|r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed()))
             .finish();
         let req = TestRequest::with_uri("/blah").finish();
         let resp = app.run(req);
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_unhandled_prefix() {
         let mut app = Application::new()
             .prefix("/test")
-            .resource("/test", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk))
+            .resource("/test", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()))
             .finish();
         assert!(app.handle(HttpRequest::default()).is_err());
     }
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_state() {
         let mut app = Application::with_state(10)
-            .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk))
+            .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()))
             .finish();
         let req = HttpRequest::default().with_state(Rc::clone(&app.state), app.router.clone());
         let resp = app.run(req);
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_prefix() {
         let mut app = Application::new()
             .prefix("/test")
-            .resource("/blah", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk))
+            .resource("/blah", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()))
             .finish();
         let req = TestRequest::with_uri("/test").finish();
         let resp = app.handle(req);
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_handler() {
         let mut app = Application::new()
-            .handler("/test", httpcodes::HttpOk)
+            .handler("/test", |_| HttpResponse::Ok())
             .finish();
 
         let req = TestRequest::with_uri("/test").finish();
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_handler_prefix() {
         let mut app = Application::new()
             .prefix("/app")
-            .handler("/test", httpcodes::HttpOk)
+            .handler("/test", |_| HttpResponse::Ok())
             .finish();
 
         let req = TestRequest::with_uri("/test").finish();

src/client/mod.rs

@@ -13,10 +13,8 @@ pub use self::connector::{Connect, Connection, ClientConnector, ClientConnectorE
 pub(crate) use self::writer::HttpClientWriter;
 pub(crate) use self::parser::{HttpResponseParser, HttpResponseParserError};
 
-
-use httpcodes;
-use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
 use error::ResponseError;
+use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
 
 
 /// Convert `SendRequestError` to a `HttpResponse`
@@ -24,8 +22,9 @@ impl ResponseError for SendRequestError {
 
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
         match *self {
-            SendRequestError::Connector(_) => httpcodes::HttpBadGateway.into(),
+            SendRequestError::Connector(_) => HttpResponse::BadGateway(),
-            _ => httpcodes::HttpInternalServerError.into(),
+            _ => HttpResponse::InternalServerError(),
         }
+        .into()
     }
 }

src/error.rs

@@ -20,11 +20,9 @@ pub use url::ParseError as UrlParseError;
 // re-exports
 pub use cookie::{ParseError as CookieParseError};
 
-use body::Body;
 use handler::Responder;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
 use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
-use httpcodes::{self, HttpExpectationFailed};
 
 /// A specialized [`Result`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result.html)
 /// for actix web operations
@@ -55,7 +53,7 @@ pub trait ResponseError: Fail {
     ///
     /// Internal server error is generated by default.
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
     }
 }
 
@@ -113,7 +111,7 @@ impl ResponseError for UrlParseError {}
 /// Return `BAD_REQUEST` for `de::value::Error`
 impl ResponseError for DeError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
     }
 }
 
@@ -127,11 +125,11 @@ impl ResponseError for io::Error {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
         match self.kind() {
             io::ErrorKind::NotFound =>
-                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, Body::Empty),
+                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND),
             io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied =>
-                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::FORBIDDEN, Body::Empty),
+                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::FORBIDDEN),
             _ =>
-                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, Body::Empty)
+                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
         }
     }
 }
@@ -139,14 +137,14 @@ impl ResponseError for io::Error {
 /// `BadRequest` for `InvalidHeaderValue`
 impl ResponseError for header::InvalidHeaderValue {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
  }
 }
 
 /// `BadRequest` for `InvalidHeaderValue`
 impl ResponseError for header::InvalidHeaderValueBytes {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
     }
 }
 
@@ -195,7 +193,7 @@ pub enum ParseError {
 /// Return `BadRequest` for `ParseError`
 impl ResponseError for ParseError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
     }
 }
 
@@ -270,7 +268,7 @@ impl ResponseError for PayloadError {}
 /// Return `BadRequest` for `cookie::ParseError`
 impl ResponseError for cookie::ParseError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
     }
 }
 
@@ -290,8 +288,8 @@ pub enum HttpRangeError {
 /// Return `BadRequest` for `HttpRangeError`
 impl ResponseError for HttpRangeError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(
+        HttpResponse::with_body(
-            StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::from("Invalid Range header provided"))
+            StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "Invalid Range header provided")
     }
 }
 
@@ -343,7 +341,7 @@ impl From<PayloadError> for MultipartError {
 impl ResponseError for MultipartError {
 
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
     }
 }
 
@@ -360,7 +358,7 @@ pub enum ExpectError {
 
 impl ResponseError for ExpectError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpExpectationFailed.with_body("Unknown Expect")
+        HttpResponse::with_body(StatusCode::EXPECTATION_FAILED, "Unknown Expect")
     }
 }
 
@@ -378,7 +376,7 @@ pub enum ContentTypeError {
 /// Return `BadRequest` for `ContentTypeError`
 impl ResponseError for ContentTypeError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
     }
 }
 
@@ -410,9 +408,12 @@ impl ResponseError for UrlencodedError {
 
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
         match *self {
-            UrlencodedError::Overflow => httpcodes::HttpPayloadTooLarge.into(),
+            UrlencodedError::Overflow =>
-            UrlencodedError::UnknownLength => httpcodes::HttpLengthRequired.into(),
+                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE),
-            _ => httpcodes::HttpBadRequest.into(),
+            UrlencodedError::UnknownLength =>
+                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::LENGTH_REQUIRED),
+            _ =>
+                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -445,8 +446,10 @@ impl ResponseError for JsonPayloadError {
 
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
         match *self {
-            JsonPayloadError::Overflow => httpcodes::HttpPayloadTooLarge.into(),
+            JsonPayloadError::Overflow =>
-            _ => httpcodes::HttpBadRequest.into(),
+                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE),
+            _ =>
+                HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -482,7 +485,7 @@ pub enum UriSegmentError {
 impl ResponseError for UriSegmentError {
 
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST)
     }
 }
 
@@ -571,7 +574,7 @@ impl<T> ResponseError for InternalError<T>
     where T: Send + Sync + fmt::Debug + 'static
 {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(self.status, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(self.status)
     }
 }
 

src/fs.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
 
 use bytes::{Bytes, BytesMut, BufMut};
-use http::{Method, StatusCode};
 use futures::{Async, Poll, Future, Stream};
 use futures_cpupool::{CpuPool, CpuFuture};
 use mime_guess::get_mime_type;
@@ -22,10 +21,10 @@ use header;
 use error::Error;
 use param::FromParam;
 use handler::{Handler, RouteHandler, WrapHandler, Responder, Reply};
+use http::{Method, StatusCode};
 use httpmessage::HttpMessage;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
 use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
-use httpcodes::{HttpOk, HttpFound, HttpNotFound, HttpMethodNotAllowed};
 
 /// A file with an associated name; responds with the Content-Type based on the
 /// file extension.
@@ -177,10 +176,10 @@ impl Responder for NamedFile {
 
     fn respond_to(self, req: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, io::Error> {
         if self.only_get && *req.method() != Method::GET && *req.method() != Method::HEAD {
-            return Ok(HttpMethodNotAllowed.build()
+            return Ok(HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed()
                       .header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain")
                       .header(header::ALLOW, "GET, HEAD")
-                      .body("This resource only supports GET and HEAD.").unwrap())
+                      .body("This resource only supports GET and HEAD."))
         }
 
         let etag = self.etag();
@@ -208,7 +207,7 @@ impl Responder for NamedFile {
             false
         };
 
-        let mut resp = HttpOk.build();
+        let mut resp = HttpResponse::Ok();
 
         resp
             .if_some(self.path().extension(), |ext, resp| {
@@ -218,13 +217,13 @@ impl Responder for NamedFile {
             .if_some(etag, |etag, resp| {resp.set(header::ETag(etag));});
 
         if precondition_failed {
-            return Ok(resp.status(StatusCode::PRECONDITION_FAILED).finish().unwrap())
+            return Ok(resp.status(StatusCode::PRECONDITION_FAILED).finish())
         } else if not_modified {
-            return Ok(resp.status(StatusCode::NOT_MODIFIED).finish().unwrap())
+            return Ok(resp.status(StatusCode::NOT_MODIFIED).finish())
         }
 
         if *req.method() == Method::HEAD {
-            Ok(resp.finish().unwrap())
+            Ok(resp.finish())
         } else {
             let reader = ChunkedReadFile {
                 size: self.md.len(),
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ impl Responder for NamedFile {
                 file: Some(self.file),
                 fut: None,
             };
-            Ok(resp.streaming(reader).unwrap())
+            Ok(resp.streaming(reader))
         }
     }
 }
@@ -356,9 +355,9 @@ impl Responder for Directory {
                             <ul>\
                             {}\
                             </ul></body>\n</html>", index_of, index_of, body);
-        Ok(HttpOk.build()
+        Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
            .content_type("text/html; charset=utf-8")
-           .body(html).unwrap())
+           .body(html))
     }
 }
 
@@ -418,7 +417,8 @@ impl<S: 'static> StaticFiles<S> {
             index: None,
             show_index: index,
             cpu_pool: CpuPool::new(40),
-            default: Box::new(WrapHandler::new(|_| HttpNotFound)),
+            default: Box::new(WrapHandler::new(
+                |_| HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND))),
             _chunk_size: 0,
             _follow_symlinks: false,
         }
@@ -465,9 +465,9 @@ impl<S: 'static> Handler<S> for StaticFiles<S> {
                         new_path.push('/');
                     }
                     new_path.push_str(redir_index);
-                    HttpFound.build()
+                    HttpResponse::Found()
                         .header(header::LOCATION, new_path.as_str())
-                        .finish().unwrap()
+                        .finish()
                         .respond_to(req.without_state())
                 } else if self.show_index {
                     Directory::new(self.directory.clone(), path)

src/handler.rs

@@ -47,9 +47,8 @@ pub trait FromRequest<S>: Sized where S: 'static
 /// # extern crate actix_web;
 /// # extern crate futures;
 /// # use futures::future::Future;
-/// use actix_web::AsyncResponder;
 /// use futures::future::result;
-/// use actix_web::{Either, Error, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, httpcodes};
+/// use actix_web::{Either, Error, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, AsyncResponder};
 ///
 /// type RegisterResult = Either<HttpResponse, Box<Future<Item=HttpResponse, Error=Error>>>;
 ///
@@ -57,13 +56,13 @@ pub trait FromRequest<S>: Sized where S: 'static
 /// fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> RegisterResult {
 ///     if is_a_variant() { // <- choose variant A
 ///         Either::A(
-///             httpcodes::HttpBadRequest.with_body("Bad data"))
+///             HttpResponse::BadRequest().body("Bad data"))
 ///     } else {
 ///         Either::B(      // <- variant B
-///             result(HttpResponse::Ok()
+///             result(Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
 ///                    .content_type("text/html")
-///                    .body(format!("Hello!"))
+///                    .body("Hello!")))
-///                    .map_err(|e| e.into())).responder())
+///                    .responder())
 ///     }
 /// }
 /// # fn is_a_variant() -> bool { true }
@@ -105,8 +104,9 @@ impl<A, B> Responder for Either<A, B>
 /// # extern crate actix_web;
 /// # extern crate futures;
 /// # #[macro_use] extern crate serde_derive;
-/// use actix_web::*;
 /// use futures::future::Future;
+/// use actix_web::{
+///     Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, HttpMessage, Error, AsyncResponder};
 ///
 /// #[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
 /// struct MyObj {
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ impl<A, B> Responder for Either<A, B>
 ///     req.json()                   // <- get JsonBody future
 ///        .from_err()
 ///        .and_then(|val: MyObj| {  // <- deserialized value
-///            Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+///            Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().into())
 ///        })
 ///     // Construct boxed future by using `AsyncResponder::responder()` method
 ///     .responder()

src/header/common/accept.rs

@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// extern crate mime;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{Accept, qitem};
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     ///
     /// builder.set(
     ///     Accept(vec![
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// extern crate mime;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{Accept, qitem};
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     ///
     /// builder.set(
     ///     Accept(vec![
@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// extern crate mime;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{Accept, QualityItem, q, qitem};
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     ///
     /// builder.set(
     ///     Accept(vec![

src/header/common/accept_charset.rs

@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ header! {
     /// # Examples
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{AcceptCharset, Charset, qitem};
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     AcceptCharset(vec![qitem(Charset::Us_Ascii)])
     /// );
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ header! {
     /// ```
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{AcceptCharset, Charset, q, QualityItem};
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     AcceptCharset(vec![
     ///         QualityItem::new(Charset::Us_Ascii, q(900)),
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ header! {
     /// ```
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{AcceptCharset, Charset, qitem};
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     AcceptCharset(vec![qitem(Charset::Ext("utf-8".to_owned()))])
     /// );

src/header/common/accept_language.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use language_tags::LanguageTag;
 use header::{ACCEPT_LANGUAGE, QualityItem};
 
-
 header! {
     /// `Accept-Language` header, defined in
     /// [RFC7231](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-5.3.5)
@@ -26,11 +25,11 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// # extern crate language_tags;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{AcceptLanguage, LanguageTag, qitem};
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// let mut langtag: LanguageTag = Default::default();
     /// langtag.language = Some("en".to_owned());
     /// langtag.region = Some("US".to_owned());
@@ -45,11 +44,11 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// # #[macro_use] extern crate language_tags;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{AcceptLanguage, QualityItem, q, qitem};
     /// #
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     AcceptLanguage(vec![
     ///         qitem(langtag!(da)),

src/header/common/allow.rs

@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate http;
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::Allow;
     /// use http::Method;
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     Allow(vec![Method::GET])
     /// );
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate http;
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::Allow;
     /// use http::Method;
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     Allow(vec![
     ///         Method::GET,

src/header/common/cache_control.rs

@@ -26,20 +26,20 @@ use header::{from_comma_delimited, fmt_comma_delimited};
 ///
 /// # Examples
 /// ```rust
-/// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+/// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
 /// use actix_web::http::header::{CacheControl, CacheDirective};
 ///
-/// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+/// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
 /// builder.set(
 ///     CacheControl(vec![CacheDirective::MaxAge(86400u32)])
 /// );
 /// ```
 ///
 /// ```rust
-/// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+/// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
 /// use actix_web::http::header::{CacheControl, CacheDirective};
 ///
-/// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+/// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
 /// builder.set(
 ///     CacheControl(vec![
 ///         CacheDirective::NoCache,

src/header/common/content_language.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use language_tags::LanguageTag;
 use header::{CONTENT_LANGUAGE, QualityItem};
 
-
 header! {
     /// `Content-Language` header, defined in
     /// [RFC7231](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-3.1.3.2)
@@ -27,11 +26,11 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// # #[macro_use] extern crate language_tags;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// # use actix_web::http::header::{ContentLanguage, qitem};
     /// # 
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     ContentLanguage(vec![
     ///         qitem(langtag!(en)),
@@ -43,12 +42,12 @@ header! {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// # #[macro_use] extern crate language_tags;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// # use actix_web::http::header::{ContentLanguage, qitem};
     /// #
     /// # fn main() {
     /// 
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     ContentLanguage(vec![
     ///         qitem(langtag!(da)),

src/header/common/content_range.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use error::ParseError;
 use header::{IntoHeaderValue, Writer,
              HeaderValue, InvalidHeaderValueBytes, CONTENT_RANGE};
 
-
 header! {
     /// `Content-Range` header, defined in
     /// [RFC7233](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7233#section-4.2)

src/header/common/content_type.rs

@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ header! {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::ContentType;
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     ContentType::json()
     /// );
@@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ header! {
     /// # extern crate mime;
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// use mime::TEXT_HTML;
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::ContentType;
     ///
     /// # fn main() {
-    /// let mut builder = HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     ContentType(TEXT_HTML)
     /// );

src/header/common/date.rs

@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ header! {
     /// # Example
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::Date;
     /// use std::time::SystemTime;
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(Date(SystemTime::now().into()));
     /// ```
     (Date, DATE) => [HttpDate]

src/header/common/etag.rs

@@ -28,18 +28,18 @@ header! {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{ETag, EntityTag};
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(ETag(EntityTag::new(false, "xyzzy".to_owned())));
     /// ```
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{ETag, EntityTag};
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(ETag(EntityTag::new(true, "xyzzy".to_owned())));
     /// ```
     (ETag, ETAG) => [EntityTag]

src/header/common/expires.rs

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ header! {
     /// # Example
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::Expires;
     /// use std::time::{SystemTime, Duration};
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// let expiration = SystemTime::now() + Duration::from_secs(60 * 60 * 24);
     /// builder.set(Expires(expiration.into()));
     /// ```

src/header/common/if_match.rs

@@ -30,18 +30,18 @@ header! {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::IfMatch;
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(IfMatch::Any);
     /// ```
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{IfMatch, EntityTag};
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     IfMatch::Items(vec![
     ///         EntityTag::new(false, "xyzzy".to_owned()),

src/header/common/if_modified_since.rs

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ header! {
     /// # Example
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::IfModifiedSince;
     /// use std::time::{SystemTime, Duration};
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// let modified = SystemTime::now() - Duration::from_secs(60 * 60 * 24);
     /// builder.set(IfModifiedSince(modified.into()));
     /// ```

src/header/common/if_none_match.rs

@@ -32,18 +32,18 @@ header! {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::IfNoneMatch;
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(IfNoneMatch::Any);
     /// ```
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::{IfNoneMatch, EntityTag};
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// builder.set(
     ///     IfNoneMatch::Items(vec![
     ///         EntityTag::new(false, "xyzzy".to_owned()),

src/header/common/if_range.rs

@@ -35,19 +35,19 @@ use header::{IntoHeaderValue, Header, HeaderName, HeaderValue,
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// ```rust
-/// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+/// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
 /// use actix_web::http::header::{IfRange, EntityTag};
 ///
-/// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+/// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
 /// builder.set(IfRange::EntityTag(EntityTag::new(false, "xyzzy".to_owned())));
 /// ```
 ///
 /// ```rust
-/// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+/// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
 /// use actix_web::http::header::IfRange;
 /// use std::time::{SystemTime, Duration};
 ///
-/// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+/// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
 /// let fetched = SystemTime::now() - Duration::from_secs(60 * 60 * 24);
 /// builder.set(IfRange::Date(fetched.into()));
 /// ```

src/header/common/if_unmodified_since.rs

@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ header! {
     /// # Example
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::IfUnmodifiedSince;
     /// use std::time::{SystemTime, Duration};
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// let modified = SystemTime::now() - Duration::from_secs(60 * 60 * 24);
     /// builder.set(IfUnmodifiedSince(modified.into()));
     /// ```

src/header/common/last_modified.rs

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ header! {
     /// # Example
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// use actix_web::httpcodes;
+    /// use actix_web::HttpResponse;
     /// use actix_web::http::header::LastModified;
     /// use std::time::{SystemTime, Duration};
     ///
-    /// let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+    /// let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
     /// let modified = SystemTime::now() - Duration::from_secs(60 * 60 * 24);
     /// builder.set(LastModified(modified.into()));
     /// ```

src/header/mod.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ use modhttp::{Error as HttpError};
 use modhttp::header::GetAll;
 use mime::Mime;
 
-#[doc(hidden)]
 pub use modhttp::header::*;
 
 use error::ParseError;

src/helpers.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 use regex::Regex;
 use http::{header, StatusCode};
 
-use body::Body;
-use error::Error;
 use handler::Handler;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
 use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
@@ -36,8 +34,8 @@ use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
 /// # use actix_web::*;
 /// use actix_web::http::NormalizePath;
 ///
-/// # fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> httpcodes::StaticResponse {
+/// # fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-/// #     httpcodes::HttpOk
+/// #     HttpResponse::Ok().into()
 /// # }
 /// fn main() {
 ///     let app = Application::new()
@@ -83,7 +81,7 @@ impl NormalizePath {
 }
 
 impl<S> Handler<S> for NormalizePath {
-    type Result = Result<HttpResponse, Error>;
+    type Result = HttpResponse;
 
     fn handle(&mut self, req: HttpRequest<S>) -> Self::Result {
         if let Some(router) = req.router() {
@@ -96,7 +94,7 @@ impl<S> Handler<S> for NormalizePath {
                         let p = if !query.is_empty() { p + "?" + query } else { p };
                         return HttpResponse::build(self.redirect)
                             .header(header::LOCATION, p.as_ref())
-                            .body(Body::Empty);
+                            .finish();
                     }
                     // merge slashes and append trailing slash
                     if self.append && !p.ends_with('/') {
@@ -105,7 +103,7 @@ impl<S> Handler<S> for NormalizePath {
                             let p = if !query.is_empty() { p + "?" + query } else { p };
                             return HttpResponse::build(self.redirect)
                                 .header(header::LOCATION, p.as_str())
-                                .body(Body::Empty);
+                                .finish()
                         }
                     }
 
@@ -119,7 +117,7 @@ impl<S> Handler<S> for NormalizePath {
                             } else {
                                 req.header(header::LOCATION, p)
                             }
-                            .body(Body::Empty);
+                            .finish();
                         }
                     }
                 } else if p.ends_with('/') {
@@ -128,11 +126,12 @@ impl<S> Handler<S> for NormalizePath {
                     if router.has_route(p) {
                         let mut req = HttpResponse::build(self.redirect);
                         return if !query.is_empty() {
-                            req.header(header::LOCATION, (p.to_owned() + "?" + query).as_str())
+                            req.header(header::LOCATION,
+                                       (p.to_owned() + "?" + query).as_str())
                         } else {
                             req.header(header::LOCATION, p)
                         }
-                        .body(Body::Empty);
+                        .finish();
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -143,11 +142,11 @@ impl<S> Handler<S> for NormalizePath {
                     let p = if !query.is_empty() { p + "?" + query } else { p };
                     return HttpResponse::build(self.redirect)
                         .header(header::LOCATION, p.as_str())
-                        .body(Body::Empty);
+                        .finish();
                 }
             }
         }
-        Ok(HttpResponse::new(self.not_found, Body::Empty))
+        HttpResponse::new(self.not_found)
     }
 }
 
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ mod tests {
     use application::Application;
 
     fn index(_req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::OK, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::OK)
     }
 
     #[test]

src/httpcodes.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //! Basic http responses
-#![allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
+#![allow(non_upper_case_globals, deprecated)]
 use http::StatusCode;
 
 use body::Body;
@@ -8,70 +8,123 @@ use handler::{Reply, Handler, RouteHandler, Responder};
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
 use httpresponse::{HttpResponse, HttpResponseBuilder};
 
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::Ok()` instead")]
 pub const HttpOk: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::OK);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::Created()` instead")]
 pub const HttpCreated: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::CREATED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::Accepted()` instead")]
 pub const HttpAccepted: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::ACCEPTED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0",
+             note="please use `HttpResponse::pNonAuthoritativeInformation()` instead")]
 pub const HttpNonAuthoritativeInformation: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::NoContent()` instead")]
 pub const HttpNoContent: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::ResetContent()` instead")]
 pub const HttpResetContent: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::RESET_CONTENT);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::PartialContent()` instead")]
 pub const HttpPartialContent: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::PARTIAL_CONTENT);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::MultiStatus()` instead")]
 pub const HttpMultiStatus: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::MULTI_STATUS);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::AlreadyReported()` instead")]
 pub const HttpAlreadyReported: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::ALREADY_REPORTED);
 
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::MultipleChoices()` instead")]
 pub const HttpMultipleChoices: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::MULTIPLE_CHOICES);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::MovedPermanently()` instead")]
 pub const HttpMovedPermanently: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::MOVED_PERMANENTLY);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::Found()` instead")]
 pub const HttpFound: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::FOUND);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::SeeOther()` instead")]
 pub const HttpSeeOther: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::SEE_OTHER);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::NotModified()` instead")]
 pub const HttpNotModified: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::NOT_MODIFIED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::UseProxy()` instead")]
 pub const HttpUseProxy: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::USE_PROXY);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::TemporaryRedirect()` instead")]
 pub const HttpTemporaryRedirect: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::TEMPORARY_REDIRECT);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::PermanentRedirect()` instead")]
 pub const HttpPermanentRedirect: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::PERMANENT_REDIRECT);
 
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::BadRequest()` instead")]
 pub const HttpBadRequest: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::Unauthorized()` instead")]
 pub const HttpUnauthorized: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::PaymentRequired()` instead")]
 pub const HttpPaymentRequired: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::PAYMENT_REQUIRED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::Forbidden()` instead")]
 pub const HttpForbidden: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::FORBIDDEN);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::NotFound()` instead")]
 pub const HttpNotFound: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed()` instead")]
 pub const HttpMethodNotAllowed: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::NotAcceptable()` instead")]
 pub const HttpNotAcceptable: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::NOT_ACCEPTABLE);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0",
+             note="please use `HttpResponse::ProxyAuthenticationRequired()` instead")]
 pub const HttpProxyAuthenticationRequired: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::RequestTimeout()` instead")]
 pub const HttpRequestTimeout: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::REQUEST_TIMEOUT);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::Conflict()` instead")]
 pub const HttpConflict: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::CONFLICT);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::Gone()` instead")]
 pub const HttpGone: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::GONE);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::LengthRequired()` instead")]
 pub const HttpLengthRequired: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::LENGTH_REQUIRED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::PreconditionFailed()` instead")]
 pub const HttpPreconditionFailed: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::PRECONDITION_FAILED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::PayloadTooLarge()` instead")]
 pub const HttpPayloadTooLarge: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::UriTooLong()` instead")]
 pub const HttpUriTooLong: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::URI_TOO_LONG);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0",
+             note="please use `HttpResponse::UnsupportedMediaType()` instead")]
 pub const HttpUnsupportedMediaType: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0",
+             note="please use `HttpResponse::RangeNotSatisfiable()` instead")]
 pub const HttpRangeNotSatisfiable: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::ExpectationFailed()` instead")]
 pub const HttpExpectationFailed: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::EXPECTATION_FAILED);
 
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0",
+             note="please use `HttpResponse::InternalServerError()` instead")]
 pub const HttpInternalServerError: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::NotImplemented()` instead")]
 pub const HttpNotImplemented: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::BadGateway()` instead")]
 pub const HttpBadGateway: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::ServiceUnavailable()` instead")]
 pub const HttpServiceUnavailable: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::GatewayTimeout()` instead")]
 pub const HttpGatewayTimeout: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::GATEWAY_TIMEOUT);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0",
+             note="please use `HttpResponse::VersionNotSupported()` instead")]
 pub const HttpVersionNotSupported: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0",
+             note="please use `HttpResponse::VariantAlsoNegotiates()` instead")]
 pub const HttpVariantAlsoNegotiates: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0",
+             note="please use `HttpResponse::InsufficientStorage()` instead")]
 pub const HttpInsufficientStorage: StaticResponse =
     StaticResponse(StatusCode::INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE);
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse::LoopDetected()` instead")]
 pub const HttpLoopDetected: StaticResponse = StaticResponse(StatusCode::LOOP_DETECTED);
 
 
+#[deprecated(since="0.5.0", note="please use `HttpResponse` instead")]
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct StaticResponse(StatusCode);
 
@@ -83,12 +136,12 @@ impl StaticResponse {
         req.build_response(self.0)
     }
     pub fn with_reason(self, reason: &'static str) -> HttpResponse {
-        let mut resp = HttpResponse::new(self.0, Body::Empty);
+        let mut resp = HttpResponse::new(self.0);
         resp.set_reason(reason);
         resp
     }
     pub fn with_body<B: Into<Body>>(self, body: B) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(self.0, body.into())
+        HttpResponse::with_body(self.0, body.into())
     }
 }
 
@@ -96,13 +149,13 @@ impl<S> Handler<S> for StaticResponse {
     type Result = HttpResponse;
 
     fn handle(&mut self, _: HttpRequest<S>) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponse::new(self.0, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(self.0)
     }
 }
 
 impl<S> RouteHandler<S> for StaticResponse {
     fn handle(&mut self, _: HttpRequest<S>) -> Reply {
-        Reply::response(HttpResponse::new(self.0, Body::Empty))
+        Reply::response(HttpResponse::new(self.0))
     }
 }
 
@@ -111,19 +164,19 @@ impl Responder for StaticResponse {
     type Error = Error;
 
     fn respond_to(self, _: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
-        self.build().body(Body::Empty)
+        Ok(self.build().finish())
     }
 }
 
 impl From<StaticResponse> for HttpResponse {
     fn from(st: StaticResponse) -> Self {
-        HttpResponse::new(st.0, Body::Empty)
+        HttpResponse::new(st.0)
     }
 }
 
 impl From<StaticResponse> for Reply {
     fn from(st: StaticResponse) -> Self {
-        HttpResponse::new(st.0, Body::Empty).into()
+        HttpResponse::new(st.0).into()
     }
 }
 
@@ -139,7 +192,14 @@ macro_rules! STATIC_RESP {
 impl HttpResponse {
     STATIC_RESP!(Ok, StatusCode::OK);
     STATIC_RESP!(Created, StatusCode::CREATED);
+    STATIC_RESP!(Accepted, StatusCode::ACCEPTED);
+    STATIC_RESP!(NonAuthoritativeInformation, StatusCode::NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION);
+
     STATIC_RESP!(NoContent, StatusCode::NO_CONTENT);
+    STATIC_RESP!(ResetContent, StatusCode::RESET_CONTENT);
+    STATIC_RESP!(PartialContent, StatusCode::PARTIAL_CONTENT);
+    STATIC_RESP!(MultiStatus, StatusCode::MULTI_STATUS);
+    STATIC_RESP!(AlreadyReported, StatusCode::ALREADY_REPORTED);
 
     STATIC_RESP!(MultipleChoices, StatusCode::MULTIPLE_CHOICES);
     STATIC_RESP!(MovedPermanenty, StatusCode::MOVED_PERMANENTLY);
@@ -155,7 +215,6 @@ impl HttpResponse {
     STATIC_RESP!(Unauthorized, StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED);
     STATIC_RESP!(PaymentRequired, StatusCode::PAYMENT_REQUIRED);
     STATIC_RESP!(Forbidden, StatusCode::FORBIDDEN);
-
     STATIC_RESP!(MethodNotAllowed, StatusCode::METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED);
     STATIC_RESP!(NotAcceptable, StatusCode::NOT_ACCEPTABLE);
     STATIC_RESP!(ProxyAuthenticationRequired, StatusCode::PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED);
@@ -166,9 +225,19 @@ impl HttpResponse {
     STATIC_RESP!(PreconditionFailed, StatusCode::PRECONDITION_FAILED);
     STATIC_RESP!(PayloadTooLarge, StatusCode::PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE);
     STATIC_RESP!(UriTooLong, StatusCode::URI_TOO_LONG);
+    STATIC_RESP!(UnsupportedMediaType, StatusCode::UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE);
+    STATIC_RESP!(RangeNotSatisfiable, StatusCode::RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE);
     STATIC_RESP!(ExpectationFailed, StatusCode::EXPECTATION_FAILED);
 
     STATIC_RESP!(InternalServerError, StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+    STATIC_RESP!(NotImplemented, StatusCode::NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
+    STATIC_RESP!(BadGateway, StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY);
+    STATIC_RESP!(ServiceUnavailable, StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE);
+    STATIC_RESP!(GatewayTimeout, StatusCode::GATEWAY_TIMEOUT);
+    STATIC_RESP!(VersionNotSupported, StatusCode::HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    STATIC_RESP!(VariantAlsoNegotiates, StatusCode::VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES);
+    STATIC_RESP!(InsufficientStorage, StatusCode::INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE);
+    STATIC_RESP!(LoopDetected, StatusCode::LOOP_DETECTED);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -178,7 +247,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_build() {
-        let resp = HttpOk.build().body(Body::Empty).unwrap();
+        let resp = HttpOk.build().body(Body::Empty);
         assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::OK);
     }
 

src/httpmessage.rs

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ pub trait HttpMessage {
     ///        .from_err()
     ///        .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {  // <- complete body
     ///            println!("==== BODY ==== {:?}", bytes);
-    ///            Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+    ///            Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().into())
     ///        }).responder()
     /// }
     /// # fn main() {}
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ pub trait HttpMessage {
     ///        .from_err()
     ///        .and_then(|params| {  // <- url encoded parameters
     ///             println!("==== BODY ==== {:?}", params);
-    ///             Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+    ///             Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().into())
     ///        })
     ///        .responder()
     /// }
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ pub trait HttpMessage {
     ///        .from_err()
     ///        .and_then(|val: MyObj| {  // <- deserialized value
     ///            println!("==== BODY ==== {:?}", val);
-    ///            Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+    ///            Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().into())
     ///        }).responder()
     /// }
     /// # fn main() {}
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ pub trait HttpMessage {
     ///             }
     ///         })
     ///         .finish()  // <- Stream::finish() combinator from actix
-    ///         .map(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+    ///         .map(|_| HttpResponse::Ok().into())
     ///         .responder()
     /// }
     /// # fn main() {}

src/httprequest.rs

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ impl<S> HttpRequest<S> {
         if let Some(router) = self.router() {
             router.server_settings().get_response(status, body)
         } else {
-            HttpResponse::new(status, body)
+            HttpResponse::with_body(status, body)
         }
     }
 
@@ -280,18 +280,17 @@ impl<S> HttpRequest<S> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// # use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, http};
-    /// # use actix_web::httpcodes::HttpOk;
     /// #
     /// fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
     ///     let url = req.url_for("foo", &["1", "2", "3"]); // <- generate url for "foo" resource
-    ///     HttpOk.into()
+    ///     HttpResponse::Ok().into()
     /// }
     ///
     /// fn main() {
     ///     let app = Application::new()
     ///         .resource("/test/{one}/{two}/{three}", |r| {
     ///              r.name("foo");  // <- set resource name, then it could be used in `url_for`
-    ///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpOk);
+    ///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
     ///         })
     ///         .finish();
     /// }

src/httpresponse.rs

@@ -75,8 +75,14 @@ impl HttpResponse {
 
     /// Constructs a response
     #[inline]
-    pub fn new(status: StatusCode, body: Body) -> HttpResponse {
+    pub fn new(status: StatusCode) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpResponsePool::with_body(status, body)
+        HttpResponsePool::with_body(status, Body::Empty)
+    }
+
+    /// Constructs a response with body
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn with_body<B: Into<Body>>(status: StatusCode, body: B) -> HttpResponse {
+        HttpResponsePool::with_body(status, body.into())
     }
 
     /// Constructs a error response
@@ -283,12 +289,12 @@ impl HttpResponseBuilder {
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::{HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result, http, httpcodes};
+    /// use actix_web::{HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result, http};
     ///
     /// fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse> {
-    ///     Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+    ///     Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
     ///         .set(http::header::IfModifiedSince("Sun, 07 Nov 1994 08:48:37 GMT".parse()?))
-    ///         .finish()?)
+    ///         .finish())
     /// }
     /// fn main() {}
     /// ```
@@ -307,18 +313,14 @@ impl HttpResponseBuilder {
     /// Set a header.
     ///
     /// ```rust
-    /// # extern crate http;
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// # use actix_web::*;
+    /// use actix_web::{http, Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse};
-    /// # use actix_web::httpcodes::*;
-    /// #
-    /// use http::header;
     ///
-    /// fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse> {
+    /// fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-    ///     Ok(HttpOk.build()
+    ///     HttpResponse::Ok()
     ///         .header("X-TEST", "value")
-    ///         .header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json")
+    ///         .header(http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json")
-    ///         .finish()?)
+    ///         .finish()
     /// }
     /// fn main() {}
     /// ```
@@ -429,10 +431,10 @@ impl HttpResponseBuilder {
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
-    /// use actix_web::{HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result, http, httpcodes};
+    /// use actix_web::{http, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result};
     ///
-    /// fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse> {
+    /// fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-    ///     Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+    ///     HttpResponse::Ok()
     ///         .cookie(
     ///             http::Cookie::build("name", "value")
     ///                 .domain("www.rust-lang.org")
@@ -440,7 +442,7 @@ impl HttpResponseBuilder {
     ///                 .secure(true)
     ///                 .http_only(true)
     ///                 .finish())
-    ///         .finish()?)
+    ///         .finish()
     /// }
     /// fn main() {}
     /// ```
@@ -506,26 +508,28 @@ impl HttpResponseBuilder {
     /// Set a body and generate `HttpResponse`.
     ///
     /// `HttpResponseBuilder` can not be used after this call.
-    pub fn body<B: Into<Body>>(&mut self, body: B) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
+    pub fn body<B: Into<Body>>(&mut self, body: B) -> HttpResponse {
         if let Some(e) = self.err.take() {
-            return Err(e.into())
+            return Error::from(e).into()
         }
         let mut response = self.response.take().expect("cannot reuse response builder");
         if let Some(ref jar) = self.cookies {
             for cookie in jar.delta() {
-                response.headers.append(
+                match HeaderValue::from_str(&cookie.to_string()) {
-                    header::SET_COOKIE,
+                    Ok(val) => response.headers.append(header::SET_COOKIE, val),
-                    HeaderValue::from_str(&cookie.to_string())?);
+                    Err(e) => return Error::from(e).into(),
+                };
             }
         }
         response.body = body.into();
-        Ok(HttpResponse(Some(response), self.pool.take().unwrap()))
+        HttpResponse(Some(response), self.pool.take().unwrap())
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     /// Set a streaming body and generate `HttpResponse`.
     ///
     /// `HttpResponseBuilder` can not be used after this call.
-    pub fn streaming<S, E>(&mut self, stream: S) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error>
+    pub fn streaming<S, E>(&mut self, stream: S) -> HttpResponse
         where S: Stream<Item=Bytes, Error=E> + 'static,
               E: Into<Error>,
     {
@@ -535,10 +539,11 @@ impl HttpResponseBuilder {
     /// Set a json body and generate `HttpResponse`
     ///
     /// `HttpResponseBuilder` can not be used after this call.
-    pub fn json<T: Serialize>(&mut self, value: T) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
+    pub fn json<T: Serialize>(&mut self, value: T) -> HttpResponse {
-        let body = serde_json::to_string(&value)?;
+        match serde_json::to_string(&value) {
-
+            Ok(body) => {
-        let contains = if let Some(parts) = parts(&mut self.response, &self.err) {
+                let contains =
+                    if let Some(parts) = parts(&mut self.response, &self.err) {
                         parts.headers.contains_key(header::CONTENT_TYPE)
                     } else {
                         true
@@ -547,13 +552,17 @@ impl HttpResponseBuilder {
                     self.header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json");
                 }
 
-        Ok(self.body(body)?)
+                self.body(body)
+            },
+            Err(e) => Error::from(e).into()
+        }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     /// Set an empty body and generate `HttpResponse`
     ///
     /// `HttpResponseBuilder` can not be used after this call.
-    pub fn finish(&mut self) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
+    pub fn finish(&mut self) -> HttpResponse {
         self.body(Body::Empty)
     }
 
@@ -591,7 +600,7 @@ impl<I: Into<HttpResponse>, E: Into<Error>> From<Result<I, E>> for HttpResponse
 
 impl From<HttpResponseBuilder> for HttpResponse {
     fn from(mut builder: HttpResponseBuilder) -> Self {
-        builder.finish().into()
+        builder.finish()
     }
 }
 
@@ -601,16 +610,15 @@ impl Responder for HttpResponseBuilder {
 
     #[inline]
     fn respond_to(mut self, _: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
-        self.finish()
+        Ok(self.finish())
     }
 }
 
 impl From<&'static str> for HttpResponse {
     fn from(val: &'static str) -> Self {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        HttpResponse::Ok()
             .content_type("text/plain; charset=utf-8")
             .body(val)
-            .into()
     }
 }
 
@@ -619,18 +627,17 @@ impl Responder for &'static str {
     type Error = Error;
 
     fn respond_to(self, _: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
            .content_type("text/plain; charset=utf-8")
-            .body(self)
+           .body(self))
     }
 }
 
 impl From<&'static [u8]> for HttpResponse {
     fn from(val: &'static [u8]) -> Self {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        HttpResponse::Ok()
             .content_type("application/octet-stream")
             .body(val)
-            .into()
     }
 }
 
@@ -639,18 +646,17 @@ impl Responder for &'static [u8] {
     type Error = Error;
 
     fn respond_to(self, _: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
            .content_type("application/octet-stream")
-            .body(self)
+           .body(self))
     }
 }
 
 impl From<String> for HttpResponse {
     fn from(val: String) -> Self {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        HttpResponse::Ok()
             .content_type("text/plain; charset=utf-8")
             .body(val)
-            .into()
     }
 }
 
@@ -659,9 +665,9 @@ impl Responder for String {
     type Error = Error;
 
     fn respond_to(self, _: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
            .content_type("text/plain; charset=utf-8")
-            .body(self)
+           .body(self))
     }
 }
 
@@ -670,7 +676,6 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a String> for HttpResponse {
         HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
             .content_type("text/plain; charset=utf-8")
             .body(val)
-            .into()
     }
 }
 
@@ -679,18 +684,17 @@ impl<'a> Responder for &'a String {
     type Error = Error;
 
     fn respond_to(self, _: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
            .content_type("text/plain; charset=utf-8")
-            .body(self)
+           .body(self))
     }
 }
 
 impl From<Bytes> for HttpResponse {
     fn from(val: Bytes) -> Self {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        HttpResponse::Ok()
             .content_type("application/octet-stream")
             .body(val)
-            .into()
     }
 }
 
@@ -699,18 +703,17 @@ impl Responder for Bytes {
     type Error = Error;
 
     fn respond_to(self, _: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
            .content_type("application/octet-stream")
-            .body(self)
+           .body(self))
     }
 }
 
 impl From<BytesMut> for HttpResponse {
     fn from(val: BytesMut) -> Self {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        HttpResponse::Ok()
             .content_type("application/octet-stream")
             .body(val)
-            .into()
     }
 }
 
@@ -719,9 +722,9 @@ impl Responder for BytesMut {
     type Error = Error;
 
     fn respond_to(self, _: HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error> {
-        HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
            .content_type("application/octet-stream")
-            .body(self)
+           .body(self))
     }
 }
 
@@ -744,7 +747,7 @@ impl<'a, S> From<&'a HttpRequest<S>> for HttpResponseBuilder {
         if let Some(router) = req.router() {
             router.server_settings().get_response_builder(StatusCode::OK)
         } else {
-            HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
         }
     }
 }
@@ -870,14 +873,14 @@ mod tests {
     use http::{Method, Uri};
     use http::header::{COOKIE, CONTENT_TYPE, HeaderValue};
     use body::Binary;
-    use {http, httpcodes};
+    use http;
 
     #[test]
     fn test_debug() {
         let resp = HttpResponse::Ok()
             .header(COOKIE, HeaderValue::from_static("cookie1=value1; "))
             .header(COOKIE, HeaderValue::from_static("cookie2=value2; "))
-            .finish().unwrap();
+            .finish();
         let dbg = format!("{:?}", resp);
         assert!(dbg.contains("HttpResponse"));
     }
@@ -892,8 +895,7 @@ mod tests {
             Method::GET, Uri::from_str("/").unwrap(), Version::HTTP_11, headers, None);
         let cookies = req.cookies().unwrap();
 
-        let resp = httpcodes::HttpOk
+        let resp = HttpResponse::Ok()
-            .build()
             .cookie(http::Cookie::build("name", "value")
                     .domain("www.rust-lang.org")
                     .path("/test")
@@ -901,10 +903,7 @@ mod tests {
                     .max_age(Duration::days(1))
                     .finish())
             .del_cookie(&cookies[0])
-            .body(Body::Empty);
+            .finish();
-
-        assert!(resp.is_ok());
-        let resp = resp.unwrap();
 
         let mut val: Vec<_> = resp.headers().get_all("Set-Cookie")
             .iter().map(|v| v.to_str().unwrap().to_owned()).collect();
@@ -919,53 +918,51 @@ mod tests {
         let resp = HttpResponse::Ok()
             .header("X-TEST", "value")
             .version(Version::HTTP_10)
-            .finish().unwrap();
+            .finish();
         assert_eq!(resp.version(), Some(Version::HTTP_10));
         assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::OK);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_upgrade() {
-        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK).upgrade().finish();
-            .upgrade().body(Body::Empty).unwrap();
         assert!(resp.upgrade())
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_force_close() {
-        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK).force_close().finish();
-            .force_close().body(Body::Empty).unwrap();
         assert!(!resp.keep_alive().unwrap())
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_content_type() {
         let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
-            .content_type("text/plain").body(Body::Empty).unwrap();
+            .content_type("text/plain").body(Body::Empty);
         assert_eq!(resp.headers().get(CONTENT_TYPE).unwrap(), "text/plain")
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_content_encoding() {
-        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK).finish().unwrap();
+        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK).finish();
         assert_eq!(resp.content_encoding(), None);
 
         #[cfg(feature="brotli")]
         {
             let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
-                .content_encoding(ContentEncoding::Br).finish().unwrap();
+                .content_encoding(ContentEncoding::Br).finish();
             assert_eq!(resp.content_encoding(), Some(ContentEncoding::Br));
         }
 
         let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
-            .content_encoding(ContentEncoding::Gzip).finish().unwrap();
+            .content_encoding(ContentEncoding::Gzip).finish();
         assert_eq!(resp.content_encoding(), Some(ContentEncoding::Gzip));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_json() {
         let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
-            .json(vec!["v1", "v2", "v3"]).unwrap();
+            .json(vec!["v1", "v2", "v3"]);
         let ct = resp.headers().get(CONTENT_TYPE).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(ct, HeaderValue::from_static("application/json"));
         assert_eq!(*resp.body(), Body::from(Bytes::from_static(b"[\"v1\",\"v2\",\"v3\"]")));
@@ -975,7 +972,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_json_ct() {
         let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
             .header(CONTENT_TYPE, "text/json")
-            .json(vec!["v1", "v2", "v3"]).unwrap();
+            .json(vec!["v1", "v2", "v3"]);
         let ct = resp.headers().get(CONTENT_TYPE).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(ct, HeaderValue::from_static("text/json"));
         assert_eq!(*resp.body(), Body::from(Bytes::from_static(b"[\"v1\",\"v2\",\"v3\"]")));
@@ -1089,7 +1086,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::OK);
 
         let mut builder = resp.into_builder();
-        let resp = builder.status(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST).finish().unwrap();
+        let resp = builder.status(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST).finish();
         assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST);
     }
 }

src/json.rs

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ impl<T: Serialize> Responder for Json<T> {
 
         Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
            .content_type("application/json")
-           .body(body)?)
+           .body(body))
     }
 }
 
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ impl<T, S> FromRequest<S> for Json<T>
 /// # #[macro_use] extern crate serde_derive;
 /// use futures::future::Future;
 /// use actix_web::{Application, AsyncResponder,
-///                 HttpRequest, HttpResponse, HttpMessage, Error, httpcodes};
+///                 HttpRequest, HttpResponse, HttpMessage, Error};
 ///
 /// #[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
 /// struct MyObj {
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ impl<T, S> FromRequest<S> for Json<T>
 ///        .from_err()
 ///        .and_then(|val: MyObj| {  // <- deserialized value
 ///            println!("==== BODY ==== {:?}", val);
-///            Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.into())
+///            Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().into())
 ///        }).responder()
 /// }
 /// # fn main() {}

src/lib.rs

@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ pub mod client;
 pub mod fs;
 pub mod ws;
 pub mod error;
-pub mod httpcodes;
 pub mod multipart;
 pub mod middleware;
 pub mod pred;
@@ -145,6 +144,9 @@ pub use handler::{Either, Responder, AsyncResponder, FutureResponse, State};
 pub use context::HttpContext;
 pub use server::HttpServer;
 
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub mod httpcodes;
+
 #[cfg(feature="openssl")]
 pub(crate) const HAS_OPENSSL: bool = true;
 #[cfg(not(feature="openssl"))]

src/middleware/cors.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 //!
 //! ```rust
 //! # extern crate actix_web;
-//! use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, http, httpcodes};
+//! use actix_web::{http, Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse};
 //! use actix_web::middleware::cors;
 //!
 //! fn index(mut req: HttpRequest) -> &'static str {
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@
 //!                  .max_age(3600)
 //!                  .finish().expect("Can not create CORS middleware")
 //!                  .register(r);                     // <- Register CORS middleware
-//!              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk);
+//!              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
-//!              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpMethodNotAllowed);
+//!              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed());
 //!         })
 //!         .finish();
 //! }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 use std::iter::FromIterator;
 
-use http::{self, Method, HttpTryFrom, Uri};
+use http::{self, Method, HttpTryFrom, Uri, StatusCode};
 use http::header::{self, HeaderName, HeaderValue};
 
 use error::{Result, ResponseError};
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ use resource::Resource;
 use httpmessage::HttpMessage;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
 use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
-use httpcodes::{HttpOk, HttpBadRequest};
 use middleware::{Middleware, Response, Started};
 
 /// A set of errors that can occur during processing CORS
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ pub enum CorsBuilderError {
 impl ResponseError for CorsError {
 
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpBadRequest.build().body(format!("{}", self)).unwrap()
+        HttpResponse::with_body(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, format!("{}", self))
     }
 }
 
@@ -217,7 +216,7 @@ impl Cors {
     /// method, but in that case *Cors* middleware wont be able to handle *OPTIONS*
     /// requests.
     pub fn register<S: 'static>(self, resource: &mut Resource<S>) {
-        resource.method(Method::OPTIONS).h(HttpOk);
+        resource.method(Method::OPTIONS).h(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
         resource.middleware(self);
     }
 
@@ -305,7 +304,7 @@ impl<S> Middleware<S> for Cors {
             };
 
             Ok(Started::Response(
-                HttpOk.build()
+                HttpResponse::Ok()
                     .if_some(self.max_age.as_ref(), |max_age, resp| {
                         let _ = resp.header(
                             header::ACCESS_CONTROL_MAX_AGE, format!("{}", max_age).as_str());})
@@ -332,8 +331,7 @@ impl<S> Middleware<S> for Cors {
                         header::ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS,
                         &self.methods.iter().fold(
                             String::new(), |s, v| s + "," + v.as_str()).as_str()[1..])
-                    .finish()
+                    .finish()))
-                    .unwrap()))
         } else {
             self.validate_origin(req)?;
 
@@ -809,7 +807,7 @@ mod tests {
         let cors = Cors::build().finish().unwrap();
 
         let mut req = TestRequest::default().method(Method::GET).finish();
-        let resp: HttpResponse = HttpOk.into();
+        let resp: HttpResponse = HttpResponse::Ok().into();
         let resp = cors.response(&mut req, resp).unwrap().response();
         assert!(resp.headers().get(header::ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN).is_none());
 
@@ -839,7 +837,7 @@ mod tests {
             .method(Method::OPTIONS)
             .finish();
 
-        let resp: HttpResponse = HttpOk.into();
+        let resp: HttpResponse = HttpResponse::Ok().into();
         let resp = cors.response(&mut req, resp).unwrap().response();
         assert_eq!(
             &b"*"[..],
@@ -848,9 +846,9 @@ mod tests {
             &b"Origin"[..],
             resp.headers().get(header::VARY).unwrap().as_bytes());
 
-        let resp: HttpResponse = HttpOk.build()
+        let resp: HttpResponse = HttpResponse::Ok()
             .header(header::VARY, "Accept")
-            .finish().unwrap();
+            .finish();
         let resp = cors.response(&mut req, resp).unwrap().response();
         assert_eq!(
             &b"Accept, Origin"[..],
@@ -860,7 +858,7 @@ mod tests {
             .disable_vary_header()
             .allowed_origin("https://www.example.com")
             .finish().unwrap();
-        let resp: HttpResponse = HttpOk.into();
+        let resp: HttpResponse = HttpResponse::Ok().into();
         let resp = cors.response(&mut req, resp).unwrap().response();
         assert_eq!(
             &b"https://www.example.com"[..],

src/middleware/csrf.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 //!
 //! ```
 //! # extern crate actix_web;
-//! use actix_web::{Application, HttpRequest, http, httpcodes};
+//! use actix_web::{http, Application, HttpRequest, HttpResponse};
 //! use actix_web::middleware::csrf;
 //!
 //! fn handle_post(_: HttpRequest) -> &'static str {
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 //!                 .allowed_origin("https://www.example.com")
 //!                 .finish())
 //!         .resource("/", |r| {
-//!             r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk);
+//!             r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
 //!             r.method(http::Method::POST).f(handle_post);
 //!         })
 //!         .finish();
@@ -51,10 +51,9 @@ use std::collections::HashSet;
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use error::{Result, ResponseError};
 use http::{HeaderMap, HttpTryFrom, Uri, header};
+use httpmessage::HttpMessage;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
 use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
-use httpmessage::HttpMessage;
-use httpcodes::HttpForbidden;
 use middleware::{Middleware, Started};
 
 /// Potential cross-site request forgery detected.
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ pub enum CsrfError {
 
 impl ResponseError for CsrfError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
-        HttpForbidden.build().body(self.to_string()).unwrap()
+        HttpResponse::Forbidden().body(self.to_string())
     }
 }
 

src/middleware/defaultheaders.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use middleware::{Response, Middleware};
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// # extern crate actix_web;
-/// use actix_web::{Application, http, httpcodes, middleware};
+/// use actix_web::{http, middleware, Application, HttpResponse};
 ///
 /// fn main() {
 ///     let app = Application::new()
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ use middleware::{Response, Middleware};
 ///                 .header("X-Version", "0.2")
 ///                 .finish())
 ///         .resource("/test", |r| {
-///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk);
+///              r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok());
-///              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| httpcodes::HttpMethodNotAllowed);
+///              r.method(http::Method::HEAD).f(|_| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed());
 ///         })
 ///         .finish();
 /// }
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ mod tests {
 
         let mut req = HttpRequest::default();
 
-        let resp = HttpResponse::Ok().finish().unwrap();
+        let resp = HttpResponse::Ok().finish();
         let resp = match mw.response(&mut req, resp) {
             Ok(Response::Done(resp)) => resp,
             _ => panic!(),
         };
         assert_eq!(resp.headers().get(CONTENT_TYPE).unwrap(), "0001");
 
-        let resp = HttpResponse::Ok().header(CONTENT_TYPE, "0002").finish().unwrap();
+        let resp = HttpResponse::Ok().header(CONTENT_TYPE, "0002").finish();
         let resp = match mw.response(&mut req, resp) {
             Ok(Response::Done(resp)) => resp,
             _ => panic!(),

src/middleware/logger.rs

@@ -294,7 +294,6 @@ impl<'a> fmt::Display for FormatDisplay<'a> {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use Body;
     use super::*;
     use std::str::FromStr;
     use time;
@@ -311,7 +310,8 @@ mod tests {
             Method::GET, Uri::from_str("/").unwrap(), Version::HTTP_11, headers, None);
         let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
             .header("X-Test", "ttt")
-            .force_close().body(Body::Empty).unwrap();
+            .force_close()
+            .finish();
 
         match logger.start(&mut req) {
             Ok(Started::Done) => (),
@@ -340,8 +340,7 @@ mod tests {
         headers.insert(header::USER_AGENT, header::HeaderValue::from_static("ACTIX-WEB"));
         let req = HttpRequest::new(
             Method::GET, Uri::from_str("/").unwrap(), Version::HTTP_11, headers, None);
-        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK).force_close().finish();
-            .force_close().body(Body::Empty).unwrap();
         let entry_time = time::now();
 
         let render = |fmt: &mut Formatter| {
@@ -358,8 +357,7 @@ mod tests {
         let req = HttpRequest::new(
             Method::GET, Uri::from_str("/?test").unwrap(),
             Version::HTTP_11, HeaderMap::new(), None);
-        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK)
+        let resp = HttpResponse::build(StatusCode::OK).force_close().finish();
-            .force_close().body(Body::Empty).unwrap();
         let entry_time = time::now();
 
         let render = |fmt: &mut Formatter| {

src/pred.rs

@@ -20,16 +20,13 @@ pub trait Predicate<S> {
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// # extern crate actix_web;
-/// # extern crate http;
+/// use actix_web::{pred, Application, HttpResponse};
-/// # use actix_web::*;
-/// # use actix_web::httpcodes::*;
-/// use actix_web::pred;
 ///
 /// fn main() {
 ///     Application::new()
 ///         .resource("/index.html", |r| r.route()
 ///             .filter(pred::Any(pred::Get()).or(pred::Post()))
-///             .h(HttpMethodNotAllowed));
+///             .f(|r| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed()));
 /// }
 /// ```
 pub fn Any<S: 'static, P: Predicate<S> + 'static>(pred: P) -> AnyPredicate<S>
@@ -63,17 +60,14 @@ impl<S: 'static> Predicate<S> for AnyPredicate<S> {
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// # extern crate actix_web;
-/// # extern crate http;
+/// use actix_web::{pred, Application, HttpResponse};
-/// # use actix_web::*;
-/// # use actix_web::httpcodes::*;
-/// use actix_web::pred;
 ///
 /// fn main() {
 ///     Application::new()
 ///         .resource("/index.html", |r| r.route()
 ///            .filter(pred::All(pred::Get())
 ///                 .and(pred::Header("content-type", "plain/text")))
-///            .h(HttpMethodNotAllowed));
+///            .f(|_| HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed()));
 /// }
 /// ```
 pub fn All<S: 'static, P: Predicate<S> + 'static>(pred: P) -> AllPredicate<S> {

src/resource.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ use smallvec::SmallVec;
 use http::{Method, StatusCode};
 
 use pred;
-use body::Body;
 use route::Route;
 use handler::{Reply, Handler, Responder, FromRequest};
 use middleware::Middleware;
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@ impl<S: 'static> Resource<S> {
         if let Some(resource) = default {
             resource.handle(req, None)
         } else {
-            Reply::response(HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, Body::Empty))
+            Reply::response(HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND))
         }
     }
 }

src/route.rs

@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ use futures::{Async, Future, Poll};
 
 use error::Error;
 use pred::Predicate;
+use http::StatusCode;
 use handler::{Reply, ReplyItem, Handler, FromRequest,
               Responder, RouteHandler, AsyncHandler, WrapHandler};
 use middleware::{Middleware, Response as MiddlewareResponse, Started as MiddlewareStarted};
-use httpcodes::HttpNotFound;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
 use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
 use with::{with, with2, with3, WithHandler};
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ impl<S: 'static> Default for Route<S> {
     fn default() -> Route<S> {
         Route {
             preds: Vec::new(),
-            handler: InnerHandler::new(|_| HttpNotFound),
+            handler: InnerHandler::new(|_| HttpResponse::new(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND)),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -61,14 +61,13 @@ impl<S: 'static> Route<S> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # extern crate actix_web;
     /// # use actix_web::*;
-    /// # use actix_web::httpcodes::*;
     /// # fn main() {
     /// Application::new()
     ///    .resource("/path", |r|
     ///       r.route()
     ///          .filter(pred::Get())
     ///          .filter(pred::Header("content-type", "text/plain"))
-    ///          .f(|req| HttpOk)
+    ///          .f(|req| HttpResponse::Ok())
     ///       )
     /// #      .finish();
     /// # }

src/server/h1.rs

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ use futures::{Future, Poll, Async};
 use tokio_core::reactor::Timeout;
 
 use pipeline::Pipeline;
-use httpcodes::HttpNotFound;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
+use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
 use error::{ParseError, PayloadError, ResponseError};
 use payload::{Payload, PayloadWriter, PayloadStatus};
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ impl<T, H> Http1<T, H>
                         }
 
                         self.tasks.push_back(
-                            Entry {pipe: Pipeline::error(HttpNotFound),
+                            Entry {pipe: Pipeline::error(HttpResponse::NotFound()),
                                    flags: EntryFlags::empty()});
                         continue
                     },

src/server/h2.rs

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ use tokio_core::reactor::Timeout;
 
 use pipeline::Pipeline;
 use error::PayloadError;
-use httpcodes::HttpNotFound;
 use httpmessage::HttpMessage;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
+use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
 use payload::{Payload, PayloadWriter, PayloadStatus};
 
 use super::h2writer::H2Writer;
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ impl<H: 'static> Entry<H> {
             }
         }
 
-        Entry {task: task.unwrap_or_else(|| Pipeline::error(HttpNotFound)),
+        Entry {task: task.unwrap_or_else(|| Pipeline::error(HttpResponse::NotFound())),
                payload: psender,
                stream: H2Writer::new(
                    resp, settings.get_shared_bytes(), Rc::clone(settings)),

src/server/mod.rs

@@ -33,6 +33,26 @@ use httpresponse::HttpResponse;
 pub(crate) const MAX_WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE: usize = 65_536;
 
 /// Create new http server with application factory
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// # extern crate actix;
+/// # extern crate actix_web;
+/// use actix::*;
+/// use actix_web::{server, Application, HttpResponse};
+///
+/// fn main() {
+///     let sys = actix::System::new("guide");
+///
+///     server::new(
+///         || Application::new()
+///             .resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
+///         .bind("127.0.0.1:59080").unwrap()
+///         .start();
+///
+///     #     actix::Arbiter::system().do_send(actix::msgs::SystemExit(0));
+///     let _ = sys.run();
+/// }
+/// ```
 pub fn new<F, U, H>(factory: F) -> HttpServer<H>
     where F: Fn() -> U + Sync + Send + 'static,
           U: IntoIterator<Item=H> + 'static,

src/server/srv.rs

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ impl<H: IntoHttpHandler> HttpServer<H>
     ///
     ///     HttpServer::new(
     ///         || Application::new()
-    ///              .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)))
+    ///              .resource("/", |r| r.h(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
     ///         .bind("127.0.0.1:0").expect("Can not bind to 127.0.0.1:0")
     ///         .start();
     /// #  actix::Arbiter::system().do_send(actix::msgs::SystemExit(0));
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ impl<H: IntoHttpHandler> HttpServer<H>
     /// fn main() {
     ///     HttpServer::new(
     ///         || Application::new()
-    ///              .resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)))
+    ///              .resource("/", |r| r.h(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())))
     ///         .bind("127.0.0.1:0").expect("Can not bind to 127.0.0.1:0")
     ///         .run();
     /// }

src/test.rs

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ use client::{ClientRequest, ClientRequestBuilder, ClientConnector};
 /// # use actix_web::*;
 /// #
 /// # fn my_handler(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
-/// #     httpcodes::HttpOk.into()
+/// #     HttpResponse::Ok().into()
 /// # }
 /// #
 /// # fn main() {
@@ -341,16 +341,6 @@ impl<S: 'static> TestApp<S> {
         self.app = Some(self.app.take().unwrap().resource("/", |r| r.h(handler)));
     }
 
-    /// Register handler for "/" with resource middleware
-    pub fn handler2<H, M>(&mut self, handler: H, mw: M)
-        where H: Handler<S>, M: Middleware<S>
-    {
-        self.app = Some(self.app.take().unwrap()
-                        .resource("/", |r| {
-                            r.middleware(mw);
-                            r.h(handler)}));
-    }
-
     /// Register middleware
     pub fn middleware<T>(&mut self, mw: T) -> &mut TestApp<S>
         where T: Middleware<S> + 'static
@@ -401,9 +391,9 @@ impl<S: 'static> Iterator for TestApp<S> {
 ///
 /// fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
 ///     if let Some(hdr) = req.headers().get(header::CONTENT_TYPE) {
-///         httpcodes::HttpOk.into()
+///         HttpResponse::Ok().into()
 ///     } else {
-///         httpcodes::HttpBadRequest.into()
+///         HttpResponse::BadRequest().into()
 ///     }
 /// }
 ///

src/ws/mod.rs

@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ use error::{Error, PayloadError, ResponseError};
 use httpmessage::HttpMessage;
 use httprequest::HttpRequest;
 use httpresponse::{ConnectionType, HttpResponse, HttpResponseBuilder};
-use httpcodes::{HttpBadRequest, HttpMethodNotAllowed};
 
 mod frame;
 mod proto;
@@ -138,22 +137,18 @@ impl ResponseError for HandshakeError {
     fn error_response(&self) -> HttpResponse {
         match *self {
             HandshakeError::GetMethodRequired => {
-                HttpMethodNotAllowed
+                HttpResponse::MethodNotAllowed().header(header::ALLOW, "GET").finish()
-                    .build()
-                    .header(header::ALLOW, "GET")
-                    .finish()
-                    .unwrap()
             }
-            HandshakeError::NoWebsocketUpgrade =>
+            HandshakeError::NoWebsocketUpgrade => HttpResponse::BadRequest()
-                HttpBadRequest.with_reason("No WebSocket UPGRADE header found"),
+                .reason("No WebSocket UPGRADE header found").finish(),
-            HandshakeError::NoConnectionUpgrade =>
+            HandshakeError::NoConnectionUpgrade => HttpResponse::BadRequest()
-                HttpBadRequest.with_reason("No CONNECTION upgrade"),
+                .reason("No CONNECTION upgrade").finish(),
-            HandshakeError::NoVersionHeader =>
+            HandshakeError::NoVersionHeader => HttpResponse::BadRequest()
-                HttpBadRequest.with_reason("Websocket version header is required"),
+                .reason("Websocket version header is required").finish(),
-            HandshakeError::UnsupportedVersion =>
+            HandshakeError::UnsupportedVersion => HttpResponse::BadRequest()
-                HttpBadRequest.with_reason("Unsupported version"),
+                .reason("Unsupported version").finish(),
-            HandshakeError::BadWebsocketKey =>
+            HandshakeError::BadWebsocketKey => HttpResponse::BadRequest()
-                HttpBadRequest.with_reason("Handshake error"),
+                .reason("Handshake error").finish(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -179,7 +174,7 @@ pub fn start<A, S>(req: HttpRequest<S>, actor: A) -> Result<HttpResponse, Error>
     let mut ctx = WebsocketContext::new(req, actor);
     ctx.add_stream(stream);
 
-    Ok(resp.body(ctx)?)
+    Ok(resp.body(ctx))
 }
 
 /// Prepare `WebSocket` handshake response.
@@ -408,7 +403,7 @@ mod tests {
         let req = HttpRequest::new(Method::GET, Uri::from_str("/").unwrap(),
                                    Version::HTTP_11, headers, None);
         assert_eq!(StatusCode::SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS,
-                   handshake(&req).unwrap().finish().unwrap().status());
+                   handshake(&req).unwrap().finish().status());
     }
 
     #[test]

tests/test_client.rs

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const STR: &str =
 #[test]
 fn test_simple() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
-        |app| app.handler(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk.build().body(STR)));
+        |app| app.handler(|_| HttpResponse::Ok().body(STR)));
 
     let request = srv.get().header("x-test", "111").finish().unwrap();
     let repr = format!("{:?}", request);
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ fn test_simple() {
 fn test_with_query_parameter() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| match req.query().get("qp") {
-            Some(_) => httpcodes::HttpOk.build().finish(),
+            Some(_) => HttpResponse::Ok().finish(),
-            None => httpcodes::HttpBadRequest.build().finish(),
+            None => HttpResponse::BadRequest().finish(),
         }));
 
     let request = srv.get().uri(srv.url("/?qp=5").as_str()).finish().unwrap();
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ fn test_with_query_parameter() {
 #[test]
 fn test_no_decompress() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
-        |app| app.handler(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk.build().body(STR)));
+        |app| app.handler(|_| HttpResponse::Ok().body(STR)));
 
     let request = srv.get().disable_decompress().finish().unwrap();
     let response = srv.execute(request.send()).unwrap();
@@ -114,8 +114,7 @@ fn test_client_gzip_encoding() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Deflate)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -140,8 +139,7 @@ fn test_client_gzip_encoding_large() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Deflate)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -169,8 +167,7 @@ fn test_client_gzip_encoding_large_random() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Deflate)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -194,8 +191,7 @@ fn test_client_brotli_encoding() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Gzip)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -224,8 +220,7 @@ fn test_client_brotli_encoding_large_random() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(move |bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Gzip)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -250,8 +245,7 @@ fn test_client_deflate_encoding() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Br)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -280,8 +274,7 @@ fn test_client_deflate_encoding_large_random() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Br)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -306,10 +299,10 @@ fn test_client_streaming_explicit() {
             |req: HttpRequest| req.body()
                 .map_err(Error::from)
                 .and_then(|body| {
-                    Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+                    Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
                        .chunked()
                        .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
-                       .body(body)?)})
+                       .body(body))})
                 .responder()));
 
     let body = once(Ok(Bytes::from_static(STR.as_ref())));
@@ -328,7 +321,7 @@ fn test_body_streaming_implicit() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|_| {
             let body = once(Ok(Bytes::from_static(STR.as_ref())));
-            httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Gzip)
                 .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(body)))}));
 
@@ -378,8 +371,7 @@ fn test_client_cookie_handling() {
                         Err(err())
                     })
                     // Send some cookies back
-                    .map(|_|
+                    .map(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()
-                         httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
                          .cookie(cookie1.clone())
                          .cookie(cookie2.clone())
                          .finish()

tests/test_server.rs

@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ fn test_start() {
         let sys = System::new("test");
         let srv = HttpServer::new(
             || vec![Application::new()
-                    .resource("/", |r| r.method(http::Method::GET).h(httpcodes::HttpOk))]);
+                    .resource(
+                        "/", |r| r.method(http::Method::GET)
+                            .f(|_|HttpResponse::Ok()))]);
 
         let srv = srv.bind("127.0.0.1:0").unwrap();
         let addr = srv.addrs()[0];
@@ -108,7 +110,8 @@ fn test_shutdown() {
         let sys = System::new("test");
         let srv = HttpServer::new(
             || vec![Application::new()
-                    .resource("/", |r| r.method(http::Method::GET).h(httpcodes::HttpOk))]);
+                    .resource(
+                        "/", |r| r.method(http::Method::GET).f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()))]);
 
         let srv = srv.bind("127.0.0.1:0").unwrap();
         let addr = srv.addrs()[0];
@@ -133,7 +136,7 @@ fn test_shutdown() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_simple() {
-    let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(httpcodes::HttpOk));
+    let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|_| HttpResponse::Ok()));
     let req = srv.get().finish().unwrap();
     let response = srv.execute(req.send()).unwrap();
     assert!(response.status().is_success());
@@ -147,7 +150,7 @@ fn test_headers() {
         move |app| {
             let data = srv_data.clone();
             app.handler(move |_| {
-                let mut builder = httpcodes::HttpOk.build();
+                let mut builder = HttpResponse::Ok();
                 for idx in 0..90 {
                     builder.header(
                         format!("X-TEST-{}", idx).as_str(),
@@ -180,7 +183,7 @@ fn test_headers() {
 #[test]
 fn test_body() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
-        |app| app.handler(|_| httpcodes::HttpOk.build().body(STR)));
+        |app| app.handler(|_| HttpResponse::Ok().body(STR)));
 
     let request = srv.get().finish().unwrap();
     let response = srv.execute(request.send()).unwrap();
@@ -195,7 +198,7 @@ fn test_body() {
 fn test_body_gzip() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(
-            |_| httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            |_| HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Gzip)
                 .body(STR)));
 
@@ -222,7 +225,7 @@ fn test_body_gzip_large() {
         move |app| {
             let data = srv_data.clone();
             app.handler(
-                move |_| httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+                move |_| HttpResponse::Ok()
                     .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Gzip)
                     .body(data.as_ref()))});
 
@@ -252,7 +255,7 @@ fn test_body_gzip_large_random() {
         move |app| {
             let data = srv_data.clone();
             app.handler(
-                move |_| httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+                move |_| HttpResponse::Ok()
                     .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Gzip)
                     .body(data.as_ref()))});
 
@@ -276,7 +279,7 @@ fn test_body_chunked_implicit() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|_| {
             let body = once(Ok(Bytes::from_static(STR.as_ref())));
-            httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Gzip)
                 .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(body)))}));
 
@@ -300,7 +303,7 @@ fn test_body_br_streaming() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|_| {
             let body = once(Ok(Bytes::from_static(STR.as_ref())));
-            httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Br)
                 .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(body)))}));
 
@@ -322,7 +325,7 @@ fn test_body_br_streaming() {
 fn test_head_empty() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|_| {
-            httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .content_length(STR.len() as u64).finish()}));
 
     let request = srv.head().finish().unwrap();
@@ -343,7 +346,7 @@ fn test_head_empty() {
 fn test_head_binary() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|_| {
-            httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                 .content_length(100).body(STR)}));
 
@@ -365,7 +368,7 @@ fn test_head_binary() {
 fn test_head_binary2() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|_| {
-            httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                 .body(STR)
         }));
@@ -385,7 +388,7 @@ fn test_body_length() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|_| {
             let body = once(Ok(Bytes::from_static(STR.as_ref())));
-            httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .content_length(STR.len() as u64)
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                 .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(body)))}));
@@ -404,7 +407,7 @@ fn test_body_chunked_explicit() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(|_| {
             let body = once(Ok(Bytes::from_static(STR.as_ref())));
-            httpcodes::HttpOk.build()
+            HttpResponse::Ok()
                 .chunked()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Gzip)
                 .body(Body::Streaming(Box::new(body)))}));
@@ -427,8 +430,7 @@ fn test_body_chunked_explicit() {
 fn test_body_deflate() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(
-            |_| httpcodes::HttpOk
+            |_| HttpResponse::Ok()
-                .build()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Deflate)
                 .body(STR)));
 
@@ -452,8 +454,7 @@ fn test_body_deflate() {
 fn test_body_brotli() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
         |app| app.handler(
-            |_| httpcodes::HttpOk
+            |_| HttpResponse::Ok()
-                .build()
                 .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Br)
                 .body(STR)));
 
@@ -477,8 +478,7 @@ fn test_gzip_encoding() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -506,8 +506,7 @@ fn test_gzip_encoding_large() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -539,8 +538,7 @@ fn test_reading_gzip_encoding_large_random() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -568,8 +566,7 @@ fn test_reading_deflate_encoding() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -597,8 +594,7 @@ fn test_reading_deflate_encoding_large() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -630,8 +626,7 @@ fn test_reading_deflate_encoding_large_random() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -660,8 +655,7 @@ fn test_brotli_encoding() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -690,8 +684,7 @@ fn test_brotli_encoding_large() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|req: HttpRequest| {
         req.body()
             .and_then(|bytes: Bytes| {
-                Ok(httpcodes::HttpOk
+                Ok(HttpResponse::Ok()
-                   .build()
                    .content_encoding(http::ContentEncoding::Identity)
                    .body(bytes))
             }).responder()}
@@ -716,7 +709,7 @@ fn test_brotli_encoding_large() {
 #[test]
 fn test_h2() {
     let srv = test::TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(|_|{
-        httpcodes::HttpOk.build().body(STR)
+        HttpResponse::Ok().body(STR)
     }));
     let addr = srv.addr();
 
@@ -756,7 +749,7 @@ fn test_h2() {
 #[test]
 fn test_application() {
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::with_factory(
-        || Application::new().resource("/", |r| r.h(httpcodes::HttpOk)));
+        || Application::new().resource("/", |r| r.f(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())));
 
     let request = srv.get().finish().unwrap();
     let response = srv.execute(request.send()).unwrap();
@@ -800,7 +793,7 @@ fn test_middlewares() {
         move |app| app.middleware(MiddlewareTest{start: Arc::clone(&act_num1),
                                                  response: Arc::clone(&act_num2),
                                                  finish: Arc::clone(&act_num3)})
-            .handler(httpcodes::HttpOk)
+            .handler(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())
     );
 
     let request = srv.get().finish().unwrap();
@@ -824,11 +817,11 @@ fn test_resource_middlewares() {
     let act_num3 = Arc::clone(&num3);
 
     let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(
-        move |app| app.handler2(
+        move |app| app
-            httpcodes::HttpOk,
+            .middleware(MiddlewareTest{start: Arc::clone(&act_num1),
-            MiddlewareTest{start: Arc::clone(&act_num1),
                                        response: Arc::clone(&act_num2),
                                        finish: Arc::clone(&act_num3)})
+            .handler(|_| HttpResponse::Ok())
     );
 
     let request = srv.get().finish().unwrap();