use objects pool for HttpRequest; optimize nested services call

Cargo.toml

@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ rust-tls = ["rustls", "actix-server/rust-tls"]
 
 [dependencies]
 actix-codec = "0.1.1"
-actix-service = "0.3.4"
+actix-service = "0.3.6"
 actix-utils = "0.3.4"
-actix-router = "0.1.1"
+actix-router = "0.1.2"
 actix-rt = "0.2.2"
 actix-web-codegen = "0.1.0-alpha.1"
 actix-http = { version = "0.1.0-alpha.3", features=["fail"] }

actix-files/src/lib.rs

@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ impl<P> FilesService<P> {
     > {
         log::debug!("Files: Failed to handle {}: {}", req.path(), e);
         if let Some(ref mut default) = self.default {
-            Either::B(default.call(ServiceRequest::from_parts(req, payload)))
+            default.call(ServiceRequest::from_parts(req, payload))
         } else {
             Either::A(ok(ServiceResponse::from_err(e, req.clone())))
         }
@@ -955,6 +955,7 @@ mod tests {
             .method(Method::POST)
             .to_http_request();
         let resp = file.respond_to(&req).unwrap();
+        println!("RES: {:?}", resp);
         assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED);
 
         let file = NamedFile::open("Cargo.toml").unwrap();

actix-http/src/client/h2proto.rs

@@ -104,9 +104,8 @@ where
             let (parts, body) = resp.into_parts();
             let payload = if head_req { Payload::None } else { body.into() };
 
-            let mut head = ResponseHead::default();
+            let mut head = ResponseHead::new(parts.status);
             head.version = parts.version;
-            head.status = parts.status;
             head.headers = parts.headers.into();
 
             Ok((head, payload))

actix-http/src/client/pool.rs

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ use tokio_timer::{sleep, Delay};
 use super::connection::{ConnectionType, IoConnection};
 use super::error::ConnectError;
 
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
 pub enum Protocol {
     Http1,

actix-http/src/h1/decoder.rs

@@ -73,78 +73,75 @@ pub(crate) trait MessageType: Sized {
             let headers = self.headers_mut();
 
             for idx in raw_headers.iter() {
-                if let Ok(name) = HeaderName::from_bytes(&slice[idx.name.0..idx.name.1])
+                let name =
-                {
+                    HeaderName::from_bytes(&slice[idx.name.0..idx.name.1]).unwrap();
-                    // Unsafe: httparse check header value for valid utf-8
+
-                    let value = unsafe {
+                // Unsafe: httparse check header value for valid utf-8
-                        HeaderValue::from_shared_unchecked(
+                let value = unsafe {
-                            slice.slice(idx.value.0, idx.value.1),
+                    HeaderValue::from_shared_unchecked(
-                        )
+                        slice.slice(idx.value.0, idx.value.1),
-                    };
+                    )
-                    match name {
+                };
-                        header::CONTENT_LENGTH => {
+                match name {
-                            if let Ok(s) = value.to_str() {
+                    header::CONTENT_LENGTH => {
-                                if let Ok(len) = s.parse::<u64>() {
+                        if let Ok(s) = value.to_str() {
-                                    if len != 0 {
+                            if let Ok(len) = s.parse::<u64>() {
-                                        content_length = Some(len);
+                                if len != 0 {
-                                    }
+                                    content_length = Some(len);
-                                } else {
-                                    debug!("illegal Content-Length: {:?}", s);
-                                    return Err(ParseError::Header);
                                 }
                             } else {
-                                debug!("illegal Content-Length: {:?}", value);
+                                debug!("illegal Content-Length: {:?}", s);
                                 return Err(ParseError::Header);
                             }
+                        } else {
+                            debug!("illegal Content-Length: {:?}", value);
+                            return Err(ParseError::Header);
                         }
-                        // transfer-encoding
+                    }
-                        header::TRANSFER_ENCODING => {
+                    // transfer-encoding
-                            if let Ok(s) = value.to_str().map(|s| s.trim()) {
+                    header::TRANSFER_ENCODING => {
-                                chunked = s.eq_ignore_ascii_case("chunked");
+                        if let Ok(s) = value.to_str().map(|s| s.trim()) {
-                            } else {
+                            chunked = s.eq_ignore_ascii_case("chunked");
-                                return Err(ParseError::Header);
+                        } else {
-                            }
+                            return Err(ParseError::Header);
                         }
-                        // connection keep-alive state
+                    }
-                        header::CONNECTION => {
+                    // connection keep-alive state
-                            ka = if let Ok(conn) = value.to_str().map(|conn| conn.trim())
+                    header::CONNECTION => {
-                            {
+                        ka = if let Ok(conn) = value.to_str().map(|conn| conn.trim()) {
-                                if conn.eq_ignore_ascii_case("keep-alive") {
+                            if conn.eq_ignore_ascii_case("keep-alive") {
-                                    Some(ConnectionType::KeepAlive)
+                                Some(ConnectionType::KeepAlive)
-                                } else if conn.eq_ignore_ascii_case("close") {
+                            } else if conn.eq_ignore_ascii_case("close") {
-                                    Some(ConnectionType::Close)
+                                Some(ConnectionType::Close)
-                                } else if conn.eq_ignore_ascii_case("upgrade") {
+                            } else if conn.eq_ignore_ascii_case("upgrade") {
-                                    Some(ConnectionType::Upgrade)
+                                Some(ConnectionType::Upgrade)
-                                } else {
-                                    None
-                                }
                             } else {
                                 None
-                            };
-                        }
-                        header::UPGRADE => {
-                            has_upgrade = true;
-                            // check content-length, some clients (dart)
-                            // sends "content-length: 0" with websocket upgrade
-                            if let Ok(val) = value.to_str().map(|val| val.trim()) {
-                                if val.eq_ignore_ascii_case("websocket") {
-                                    content_length = None;
-                                }
                             }
-                        }
+                        } else {
-                        header::EXPECT => {
+                            None
-                            let bytes = value.as_bytes();
+                        };
-                            if bytes.len() >= 4 && &bytes[0..4] == b"100-" {
-                                expect = true;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        _ => (),
                     }
-
+                    header::UPGRADE => {
-                    headers.append(name, value);
+                        has_upgrade = true;
-                } else {
+                        // check content-length, some clients (dart)
-                    return Err(ParseError::Header);
+                        // sends "content-length: 0" with websocket upgrade
+                        if let Ok(val) = value.to_str().map(|val| val.trim()) {
+                            if val.eq_ignore_ascii_case("websocket") {
+                                content_length = None;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    header::EXPECT => {
+                        let bytes = value.as_bytes();
+                        if bytes.len() >= 4 && &bytes[0..4] == b"100-" {
+                            expect = true;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => (),
                 }
+
+                headers.append(name, value);
             }
         }
         self.set_connection_type(ka);
@@ -217,10 +214,10 @@ impl MessageType for Request {
         let mut msg = Request::new();
 
         // convert headers
-        let len = msg.set_headers(&src.split_to(len).freeze(), &headers[..h_len])?;
+        let length = msg.set_headers(&src.split_to(len).freeze(), &headers[..h_len])?;
 
         // payload decoder
-        let decoder = match len {
+        let decoder = match length {
             PayloadLength::Payload(pl) => pl,
             PayloadLength::Upgrade => {
                 // upgrade(websocket)
@@ -287,13 +284,14 @@ impl MessageType for ResponseHead {
             }
         };
 
-        let mut msg = ResponseHead::default();
+        let mut msg = ResponseHead::new(status);
+        msg.version = ver;
 
         // convert headers
-        let len = msg.set_headers(&src.split_to(len).freeze(), &headers[..h_len])?;
+        let length = msg.set_headers(&src.split_to(len).freeze(), &headers[..h_len])?;
 
         // message payload
-        let decoder = if let PayloadLength::Payload(pl) = len {
+        let decoder = if let PayloadLength::Payload(pl) = length {
             pl
         } else if status == StatusCode::SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS {
             // switching protocol or connect
@@ -305,9 +303,6 @@ impl MessageType for ResponseHead {
             PayloadType::None
         };
 
-        msg.status = status;
-        msg.version = ver;
-
         Ok(Some((msg, decoder)))
     }
 }

actix-http/src/h1/dispatcher.rs

@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ where
 {
     fn can_read(&self) -> bool {
         if self.flags.contains(Flags::READ_DISCONNECT) {
-            return false;
+            false
         } else if let Some(ref info) = self.payload {
             info.need_read() == PayloadStatus::Read
         } else {

actix-http/src/httpcodes.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ macro_rules! STATIC_RESP {
     ($name:ident, $status:expr) => {
         #[allow(non_snake_case, missing_docs)]
         pub fn $name() -> ResponseBuilder {
-            Response::build($status)
+            ResponseBuilder::new($status)
         }
     };
 }

actix-http/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 //! Basic http primitives for actix-net framework.
-#![allow(clippy::type_complexity, clippy::new_without_default)]
+#![allow(
+    clippy::type_complexity,
+    clippy::new_without_default,
+    clippy::borrow_interior_mutable_const
+)]
 
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate log;

actix-http/src/message.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 use std::cell::{Ref, RefCell, RefMut};
-use std::collections::VecDeque;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use bitflags::bitflags;
@@ -171,20 +170,20 @@ pub struct ResponseHead {
     flags: Flags,
 }
 
-impl Default for ResponseHead {
+impl ResponseHead {
-    fn default() -> ResponseHead {
+    /// Create new instance of `ResponseHead` type
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn new(status: StatusCode) -> ResponseHead {
         ResponseHead {
+            status,
             version: Version::default(),
-            status: StatusCode::OK,
             headers: HeaderMap::with_capacity(12),
             reason: None,
             flags: Flags::empty(),
             extensions: RefCell::new(Extensions::new()),
         }
     }
-}
 
-impl ResponseHead {
     /// Message extensions
     #[inline]
     pub fn extensions(&self) -> Ref<Extensions> {
@@ -335,8 +334,8 @@ pub(crate) struct BoxedResponseHead {
 
 impl BoxedResponseHead {
     /// Get new message from the pool of objects
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
+    pub fn new(status: StatusCode) -> Self {
-        RESPONSE_POOL.with(|p| p.get_message())
+        RESPONSE_POOL.with(|p| p.get_message(status))
     }
 }
 
@@ -362,25 +361,25 @@ impl Drop for BoxedResponseHead {
 
 #[doc(hidden)]
 /// Request's objects pool
-pub struct MessagePool<T: Head>(RefCell<VecDeque<Rc<T>>>);
+pub struct MessagePool<T: Head>(RefCell<Vec<Rc<T>>>);
 
 #[doc(hidden)]
 /// Request's objects pool
-pub struct BoxedResponsePool(RefCell<VecDeque<Box<ResponseHead>>>);
+pub struct BoxedResponsePool(RefCell<Vec<Box<ResponseHead>>>);
 
 thread_local!(static REQUEST_POOL: &'static MessagePool<RequestHead> = MessagePool::<RequestHead>::create());
 thread_local!(static RESPONSE_POOL: &'static BoxedResponsePool = BoxedResponsePool::create());
 
 impl<T: Head> MessagePool<T> {
     fn create() -> &'static MessagePool<T> {
-        let pool = MessagePool(RefCell::new(VecDeque::with_capacity(128)));
+        let pool = MessagePool(RefCell::new(Vec::with_capacity(128)));
         Box::leak(Box::new(pool))
     }
 
     /// Get message from the pool
     #[inline]
     fn get_message(&'static self) -> Message<T> {
-        if let Some(mut msg) = self.0.borrow_mut().pop_front() {
+        if let Some(mut msg) = self.0.borrow_mut().pop() {
             if let Some(r) = Rc::get_mut(&mut msg) {
                 r.clear();
             }
@@ -397,28 +396,29 @@ impl<T: Head> MessagePool<T> {
     fn release(&self, msg: Rc<T>) {
         let v = &mut self.0.borrow_mut();
         if v.len() < 128 {
-            v.push_front(msg);
+            v.push(msg);
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl BoxedResponsePool {
     fn create() -> &'static BoxedResponsePool {
-        let pool = BoxedResponsePool(RefCell::new(VecDeque::with_capacity(128)));
+        let pool = BoxedResponsePool(RefCell::new(Vec::with_capacity(128)));
         Box::leak(Box::new(pool))
     }
 
     /// Get message from the pool
     #[inline]
-    fn get_message(&'static self) -> BoxedResponseHead {
+    fn get_message(&'static self, status: StatusCode) -> BoxedResponseHead {
-        if let Some(mut head) = self.0.borrow_mut().pop_front() {
+        if let Some(mut head) = self.0.borrow_mut().pop() {
             head.reason = None;
+            head.status = status;
             head.headers.clear();
             head.flags = Flags::empty();
             BoxedResponseHead { head: Some(head) }
         } else {
             BoxedResponseHead {
-                head: Some(Box::alloc().init(ResponseHead::default())),
+                head: Some(Box::alloc().init(ResponseHead::new(status))),
             }
         }
     }
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ impl BoxedResponsePool {
     fn release(&self, msg: Box<ResponseHead>) {
         let v = &mut self.0.borrow_mut();
         if v.len() < 128 {
-            v.push_front(msg);
+            v.push(msg);
         }
     }
 }

actix-http/src/response.rs

@@ -41,11 +41,8 @@ impl Response<Body> {
     /// Constructs a response
     #[inline]
     pub fn new(status: StatusCode) -> Response {
-        let mut head = BoxedResponseHead::new();
-        head.status = status;
-
         Response {
-            head,
+            head: BoxedResponseHead::new(status),
             body: ResponseBody::Body(Body::Empty),
             error: None,
         }
@@ -78,6 +75,16 @@ impl Response<Body> {
 }
 
 impl<B> Response<B> {
+    /// Constructs a response with body
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn with_body(status: StatusCode, body: B) -> Response<B> {
+        Response {
+            head: BoxedResponseHead::new(status),
+            body: ResponseBody::Body(body),
+            error: None,
+        }
+    }
+
     #[inline]
     /// Http message part of the response
     pub fn head(&self) -> &ResponseHead {
@@ -90,18 +97,6 @@ impl<B> Response<B> {
         &mut *self.head
     }
 
-    /// Constructs a response with body
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn with_body(status: StatusCode, body: B) -> Response<B> {
-        let mut head = BoxedResponseHead::new();
-        head.status = status;
-        Response {
-            head,
-            body: ResponseBody::Body(body),
-            error: None,
-        }
-    }
-
     /// The source `error` for this response
     #[inline]
     pub fn error(&self) -> Option<&Error> {
@@ -325,13 +320,11 @@ pub struct ResponseBuilder {
 }
 
 impl ResponseBuilder {
+    #[inline]
     /// Create response builder
     pub fn new(status: StatusCode) -> Self {
-        let mut head = BoxedResponseHead::new();
-        head.status = status;
-
         ResponseBuilder {
-            head: Some(head),
+            head: Some(BoxedResponseHead::new(status)),
             err: None,
             cookies: None,
         }
@@ -555,15 +548,13 @@ impl ResponseBuilder {
     /// }
     /// ```
     pub fn del_cookie<'a>(&mut self, cookie: &Cookie<'a>) -> &mut Self {
-        {
+        if self.cookies.is_none() {
-            if self.cookies.is_none() {
+            self.cookies = Some(CookieJar::new())
-                self.cookies = Some(CookieJar::new())
-            }
-            let jar = self.cookies.as_mut().unwrap();
-            let cookie = cookie.clone().into_owned();
-            jar.add_original(cookie.clone());
-            jar.remove(cookie);
         }
+        let jar = self.cookies.as_mut().unwrap();
+        let cookie = cookie.clone().into_owned();
+        jar.add_original(cookie.clone());
+        jar.remove(cookie);
         self
     }
 
@@ -605,6 +596,7 @@ impl ResponseBuilder {
         head.extensions.borrow_mut()
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     /// Set a body and generate `Response`.
     ///
     /// `ResponseBuilder` can not be used after this call.
@@ -625,9 +617,7 @@ impl ResponseBuilder {
         if let Some(ref jar) = self.cookies {
             for cookie in jar.delta() {
                 match HeaderValue::from_str(&cookie.to_string()) {
-                    Ok(val) => {
+                    Ok(val) => response.headers.append(header::SET_COOKIE, val),
-                        let _ = response.headers.append(header::SET_COOKIE, val);
-                    }
                     Err(e) => return Response::from(Error::from(e)).into_body(),
                 };
             }
@@ -652,6 +642,7 @@ impl ResponseBuilder {
         self.body(Body::from_message(BodyStream::new(stream)))
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     /// Set a json body and generate `Response`
     ///
     /// `ResponseBuilder` can not be used after this call.
@@ -751,11 +742,12 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a ResponseHead> for ResponseBuilder {
             }
         }
 
-        let mut msg = BoxedResponseHead::new();
+        let mut msg = BoxedResponseHead::new(head.status);
         msg.version = head.version;
-        msg.status = head.status;
         msg.reason = head.reason;
-        // msg.headers = head.headers.clone();
+        for (k, v) in &head.headers {
+            msg.headers.append(k.clone(), v.clone());
+        }
         msg.no_chunking(!head.chunked());
 
         ResponseBuilder {

actix-http/src/test.rs

@@ -178,6 +178,6 @@ impl TestRequest {
 }
 
 #[inline]
-fn parts<'a>(parts: &'a mut Option<Inner>) -> &'a mut Inner {
+fn parts(parts: &mut Option<Inner>) -> &mut Inner {
     parts.as_mut().expect("cannot reuse test request builder")
 }

awc/src/test.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::fmt::Write as FmtWrite;
 
 use actix_http::cookie::{Cookie, CookieJar};
 use actix_http::http::header::{self, Header, HeaderValue, IntoHeaderValue};
-use actix_http::http::{HeaderName, HttpTryFrom, Version};
+use actix_http::http::{HeaderName, HttpTryFrom, StatusCode, Version};
 use actix_http::{h1, Payload, ResponseHead};
 use bytes::Bytes;
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ pub struct TestResponse {
 impl Default for TestResponse {
     fn default() -> TestResponse {
         TestResponse {
-            head: ResponseHead::default(),
+            head: ResponseHead::new(StatusCode::OK),
             cookies: CookieJar::new(),
             payload: None,
         }

src/app_service.rs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ use crate::config::{AppConfig, ServiceConfig};
 use crate::data::{DataFactory, DataFactoryResult};
 use crate::error::Error;
 use crate::guard::Guard;
+use crate::request::{HttpRequest, HttpRequestPool};
 use crate::rmap::ResourceMap;
 use crate::service::{ServiceFactory, ServiceRequest, ServiceResponse};
 
@@ -21,7 +22,10 @@ type Guards = Vec<Box<Guard>>;
 type HttpService<P> = BoxedService<ServiceRequest<P>, ServiceResponse, Error>;
 type HttpNewService<P> =
     BoxedNewService<(), ServiceRequest<P>, ServiceResponse, Error, ()>;
-type BoxedResponse = Box<Future<Item = ServiceResponse, Error = Error>>;
+type BoxedResponse = Either<
+    FutureResult<ServiceResponse, Error>,
+    Box<Future<Item = ServiceResponse, Error = Error>>,
+>;
 
 /// Service factory to convert `Request` to a `ServiceRequest<S>`.
 /// It also executes data factories.
@@ -191,6 +195,7 @@ where
                     chain: self.chain.take().unwrap(),
                     rmap: self.rmap.clone(),
                     config: self.config.clone(),
+                    pool: HttpRequestPool::create(),
                 }
                 .and_then(self.endpoint.take().unwrap()),
             ))
@@ -208,6 +213,7 @@ where
     chain: C,
     rmap: Rc<ResourceMap>,
     config: AppConfig,
+    pool: &'static HttpRequestPool,
 }
 
 impl<C, P> Service for AppInitService<C, P>
@@ -224,13 +230,24 @@ where
     }
 
     fn call(&mut self, req: Request) -> Self::Future {
-        let req = ServiceRequest::new(
+        let (head, payload) = req.into_parts();
-            Path::new(Url::new(req.uri().clone())),
+
-            req,
+        let req = if let Some(mut req) = self.pool.get_request() {
-            self.rmap.clone(),
+            let inner = Rc::get_mut(&mut req.0).unwrap();
-            self.config.clone(),
+            inner.path.get_mut().update(&head.uri);
-        );
+            inner.path.reset();
-        self.chain.call(req)
+            inner.head = head;
+            req
+        } else {
+            HttpRequest::new(
+                Path::new(Url::new(head.uri.clone())),
+                head,
+                self.rmap.clone(),
+                self.config.clone(),
+                self.pool,
+            )
+        };
+        self.chain.call(ServiceRequest::from_parts(req, payload))
     }
 }
 
@@ -353,7 +370,7 @@ impl<P> Service for AppRouting<P> {
     type Request = ServiceRequest<P>;
     type Response = ServiceResponse;
     type Error = Error;
-    type Future = Either<BoxedResponse, FutureResult<Self::Response, Self::Error>>;
+    type Future = BoxedResponse;
 
     fn poll_ready(&mut self) -> Poll<(), Self::Error> {
         if self.ready.is_none() {
@@ -376,12 +393,12 @@ impl<P> Service for AppRouting<P> {
         });
 
         if let Some((srv, _info)) = res {
-            Either::A(srv.call(req))
+            srv.call(req)
         } else if let Some(ref mut default) = self.default {
-            Either::A(default.call(req))
+            default.call(req)
         } else {
             let req = req.into_parts().0;
-            Either::B(ok(ServiceResponse::new(req, Response::NotFound().finish())))
+            Either::A(ok(ServiceResponse::new(req, Response::NotFound().finish())))
         }
     }
 }

src/handler.rs

@@ -52,37 +52,21 @@ where
         }
     }
 }
-impl<F, T, R> NewService for Handler<F, T, R>
+
+impl<F, T, R> Clone for Handler<F, T, R>
 where
     F: Factory<T, R>,
     R: Responder,
 {
-    type Request = (T, HttpRequest);
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
-    type Response = ServiceResponse;
+        Self {
-    type Error = Void;
-    type InitError = ();
-    type Service = HandlerService<F, T, R>;
-    type Future = FutureResult<Self::Service, ()>;
-
-    fn new_service(&self, _: &()) -> Self::Future {
-        ok(HandlerService {
             hnd: self.hnd.clone(),
             _t: PhantomData,
-        })
+        }
     }
 }
 
-#[doc(hidden)]
+impl<F, T, R> Service for Handler<F, T, R>
-pub struct HandlerService<F, T, R>
-where
-    F: Factory<T, R>,
-    R: Responder,
-{
-    hnd: F,
-    _t: PhantomData<(T, R)>,
-}
-
-impl<F, T, R> Service for HandlerService<F, T, R>
 where
     F: Factory<T, R>,
     R: Responder,
@@ -184,41 +168,23 @@ where
         }
     }
 }
-impl<F, T, R> NewService for AsyncHandler<F, T, R>
+
+impl<F, T, R> Clone for AsyncHandler<F, T, R>
 where
     F: AsyncFactory<T, R>,
     R: IntoFuture,
     R::Item: Into<Response>,
     R::Error: Into<Error>,
 {
-    type Request = (T, HttpRequest);
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
-    type Response = ServiceResponse;
+        AsyncHandler {
-    type Error = Error;
-    type InitError = ();
-    type Service = AsyncHandlerService<F, T, R>;
-    type Future = FutureResult<Self::Service, ()>;
-
-    fn new_service(&self, _: &()) -> Self::Future {
-        ok(AsyncHandlerService {
             hnd: self.hnd.clone(),
             _t: PhantomData,
-        })
+        }
     }
 }
 
-#[doc(hidden)]
+impl<F, T, R> Service for AsyncHandler<F, T, R>
-pub struct AsyncHandlerService<F, T, R>
-where
-    F: AsyncFactory<T, R>,
-    R: IntoFuture,
-    R::Item: Into<Response>,
-    R::Error: Into<Error>,
-{
-    hnd: F,
-    _t: PhantomData<(T, R)>,
-}
-
-impl<F, T, R> Service for AsyncHandlerService<F, T, R>
 where
     F: AsyncFactory<T, R>,
     R: IntoFuture,
@@ -227,7 +193,7 @@ where
 {
     type Request = (T, HttpRequest);
     type Response = ServiceResponse;
-    type Error = Error;
+    type Error = Void;
     type Future = AsyncHandlerServiceResponse<R::Future>;
 
     fn poll_ready(&mut self) -> Poll<(), Self::Error> {
@@ -255,7 +221,7 @@ where
     T::Error: Into<Error>,
 {
     type Item = ServiceResponse;
-    type Error = Error;
+    type Error = Void;
 
     fn poll(&mut self) -> Poll<Self::Item, Self::Error> {
         match self.fut.poll() {
@@ -276,46 +242,58 @@ where
 }
 
 /// Extract arguments from request
-pub struct Extract<P, T: FromRequest<P>> {
+pub struct Extract<P, T: FromRequest<P>, S> {
     config: Rc<RefCell<Option<Rc<Extensions>>>>,
+    service: S,
     _t: PhantomData<(P, T)>,
 }
 
-impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>> Extract<P, T> {
+impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>, S> Extract<P, T, S> {
-    pub fn new(config: Rc<RefCell<Option<Rc<Extensions>>>>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(config: Rc<RefCell<Option<Rc<Extensions>>>>, service: S) -> Self {
         Extract {
             config,
+            service,
             _t: PhantomData,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>> NewService for Extract<P, T> {
+impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>, S> NewService for Extract<P, T, S>
+where
+    S: Service<Request = (T, HttpRequest), Response = ServiceResponse, Error = Void>
+        + Clone,
+{
     type Request = ServiceRequest<P>;
-    type Response = (T, HttpRequest);
+    type Response = ServiceResponse;
     type Error = (Error, ServiceRequest<P>);
     type InitError = ();
-    type Service = ExtractService<P, T>;
+    type Service = ExtractService<P, T, S>;
     type Future = FutureResult<Self::Service, ()>;
 
     fn new_service(&self, _: &()) -> Self::Future {
         ok(ExtractService {
             _t: PhantomData,
             config: self.config.borrow().clone(),
+            service: self.service.clone(),
         })
     }
 }
 
-pub struct ExtractService<P, T: FromRequest<P>> {
+pub struct ExtractService<P, T: FromRequest<P>, S> {
     config: Option<Rc<Extensions>>,
+    service: S,
     _t: PhantomData<(P, T)>,
 }
 
-impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>> Service for ExtractService<P, T> {
+impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>, S> Service for ExtractService<P, T, S>
+where
+    S: Service<Request = (T, HttpRequest), Response = ServiceResponse, Error = Void>
+        + Clone,
+{
     type Request = ServiceRequest<P>;
-    type Response = (T, HttpRequest);
+    type Response = ServiceResponse;
     type Error = (Error, ServiceRequest<P>);
-    type Future = ExtractResponse<P, T>;
+    type Future = ExtractResponse<P, T, S>;
 
     fn poll_ready(&mut self) -> Poll<(), Self::Error> {
         Ok(Async::Ready(()))
@@ -328,28 +306,40 @@ impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>> Service for ExtractService<P, T> {
 
         ExtractResponse {
             fut,
+            fut_s: None,
             req: Some((req, payload)),
+            service: self.service.clone(),
         }
     }
 }
 
-pub struct ExtractResponse<P, T: FromRequest<P>> {
+pub struct ExtractResponse<P, T: FromRequest<P>, S: Service> {
     req: Option<(HttpRequest, Payload<P>)>,
+    service: S,
     fut: <T::Future as IntoFuture>::Future,
+    fut_s: Option<S::Future>,
 }
 
-impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>> Future for ExtractResponse<P, T> {
+impl<P, T: FromRequest<P>, S> Future for ExtractResponse<P, T, S>
-    type Item = (T, HttpRequest);
+where
+    S: Service<Request = (T, HttpRequest), Response = ServiceResponse, Error = Void>,
+{
+    type Item = ServiceResponse;
     type Error = (Error, ServiceRequest<P>);
 
     fn poll(&mut self) -> Poll<Self::Item, Self::Error> {
+        if let Some(ref mut fut) = self.fut_s {
+            return fut.poll().map_err(|_| panic!());
+        }
+
         let item = try_ready!(self.fut.poll().map_err(|e| {
             let (req, payload) = self.req.take().unwrap();
             let req = ServiceRequest::from_parts(req, payload);
             (e.into(), req)
         }));
 
-        Ok(Async::Ready((item, self.req.take().unwrap().0)))
+        self.fut_s = Some(self.service.call((item, self.req.take().unwrap().0)));
+        self.poll()
     }
 }
 

src/request.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::cell::{Ref, RefMut};
+use std::cell::{Ref, RefCell, RefMut};
 use std::fmt;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
@@ -15,29 +15,34 @@ use crate::rmap::ResourceMap;
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 /// An HTTP Request
-pub struct HttpRequest {
+pub struct HttpRequest(pub(crate) Rc<HttpRequestInner>);
+
+pub(crate) struct HttpRequestInner {
     pub(crate) head: Message<RequestHead>,
     pub(crate) path: Path<Url>,
     rmap: Rc<ResourceMap>,
     config: AppConfig,
     route_data: Option<Rc<Extensions>>,
+    pool: &'static HttpRequestPool,
 }
 
 impl HttpRequest {
     #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn new(
-        head: Message<RequestHead>,
         path: Path<Url>,
+        head: Message<RequestHead>,
         rmap: Rc<ResourceMap>,
         config: AppConfig,
+        pool: &'static HttpRequestPool,
     ) -> HttpRequest {
-        HttpRequest {
+        HttpRequest(Rc::new(HttpRequestInner {
             head,
             path,
             rmap,
             config,
+            pool,
             route_data: None,
-        }
+        }))
     }
 }
 
@@ -45,7 +50,14 @@ impl HttpRequest {
     /// This method returns reference to the request head
     #[inline]
     pub fn head(&self) -> &RequestHead {
-        &self.head
+        &self.0.head
+    }
+
+    /// This method returns muttable reference to the request head.
+    /// panics if multiple references of http request exists.
+    #[inline]
+    pub(crate) fn head_mut(&mut self) -> &mut RequestHead {
+        &mut Rc::get_mut(&mut self.0).unwrap().head
     }
 
     /// Request's uri.
@@ -98,7 +110,12 @@ impl HttpRequest {
     /// access the matched value for that segment.
     #[inline]
     pub fn match_info(&self) -> &Path<Url> {
-        &self.path
+        &self.0.path
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub(crate) fn match_info_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Path<Url> {
+        &mut Rc::get_mut(&mut self.0).unwrap().path
     }
 
     /// Request extensions
@@ -141,7 +158,7 @@ impl HttpRequest {
         U: IntoIterator<Item = I>,
         I: AsRef<str>,
     {
-        self.rmap.url_for(&self, name, elements)
+        self.0.rmap.url_for(&self, name, elements)
     }
 
     /// Generate url for named resource
@@ -162,13 +179,13 @@ impl HttpRequest {
     /// App config
     #[inline]
     pub fn app_config(&self) -> &AppConfig {
-        &self.config
+        &self.0.config
     }
 
     /// Get an application data stored with `App::data()` method during
     /// application configuration.
     pub fn app_data<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<Data<T>> {
-        if let Some(st) = self.config.extensions().get::<Data<T>>() {
+        if let Some(st) = self.0.config.extensions().get::<Data<T>>() {
             Some(st.clone())
         } else {
             None
@@ -178,7 +195,7 @@ impl HttpRequest {
     /// Load route data. Route data could be set during
     /// route configuration with `Route::data()` method.
     pub fn route_data<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<&RouteData<T>> {
-        if let Some(ref ext) = self.route_data {
+        if let Some(ref ext) = self.0.route_data {
             ext.get::<RouteData<T>>()
         } else {
             None
@@ -186,7 +203,7 @@ impl HttpRequest {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn set_route_data(&mut self, data: Option<Rc<Extensions>>) {
-        self.route_data = data;
+        Rc::get_mut(&mut self.0).unwrap().route_data = data;
     }
 }
 
@@ -202,13 +219,13 @@ impl HttpMessage for HttpRequest {
     /// Request extensions
     #[inline]
     fn extensions(&self) -> Ref<Extensions> {
-        self.head.extensions()
+        self.0.head.extensions()
     }
 
     /// Mutable reference to a the request's extensions
     #[inline]
     fn extensions_mut(&self) -> RefMut<Extensions> {
-        self.head.extensions_mut()
+        self.0.head.extensions_mut()
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -217,6 +234,17 @@ impl HttpMessage for HttpRequest {
     }
 }
 
+impl Drop for HttpRequest {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if Rc::strong_count(&self.0) == 1 {
+            let v = &mut self.0.pool.0.borrow_mut();
+            if v.len() < 128 {
+                v.push(self.0.clone());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// It is possible to get `HttpRequest` as an extractor handler parameter
 ///
 /// ## Example
@@ -252,8 +280,8 @@ impl fmt::Debug for HttpRequest {
         writeln!(
             f,
             "\nHttpRequest {:?} {}:{}",
-            self.head.version,
+            self.0.head.version,
-            self.head.method,
+            self.0.head.method,
             self.path()
         )?;
         if !self.query_string().is_empty() {
@@ -270,6 +298,26 @@ impl fmt::Debug for HttpRequest {
     }
 }
 
+/// Request's objects pool
+pub(crate) struct HttpRequestPool(RefCell<Vec<Rc<HttpRequestInner>>>);
+
+impl HttpRequestPool {
+    pub(crate) fn create() -> &'static HttpRequestPool {
+        let pool = HttpRequestPool(RefCell::new(Vec::with_capacity(128)));
+        Box::leak(Box::new(pool))
+    }
+
+    /// Get message from the pool
+    #[inline]
+    pub(crate) fn get_request(&self) -> Option<HttpRequest> {
+        if let Some(inner) = self.0.borrow_mut().pop() {
+            Some(HttpRequest(inner))
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;

src/resource.rs

@@ -487,11 +487,8 @@ impl<P> Service for ResourceService<P> {
     type Response = ServiceResponse;
     type Error = Error;
     type Future = Either<
+        FutureResult<ServiceResponse, Error>,
         Box<Future<Item = ServiceResponse, Error = Error>>,
-        Either<
-            Box<Future<Item = Self::Response, Error = Self::Error>>,
-            FutureResult<Self::Response, Self::Error>,
-        >,
     >;
 
     fn poll_ready(&mut self) -> Poll<(), Self::Error> {
@@ -501,17 +498,17 @@ impl<P> Service for ResourceService<P> {
     fn call(&mut self, mut req: ServiceRequest<P>) -> Self::Future {
         for route in self.routes.iter_mut() {
             if route.check(&mut req) {
-                return Either::A(route.call(req));
+                return route.call(req);
             }
         }
         if let Some(ref mut default) = self.default {
-            Either::B(Either::A(default.call(req)))
+            default.call(req)
         } else {
             let req = req.into_parts().0;
-            Either::B(Either::B(ok(ServiceResponse::new(
+            Either::A(ok(ServiceResponse::new(
                 req,
                 Response::MethodNotAllowed().finish(),
-            ))))
+            )))
         }
     }
 }

src/route.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use actix_http::{http::Method, Error, Extensions, Response};
 use actix_service::{NewService, Service};
+use futures::future::{ok, Either, FutureResult};
 use futures::{Async, Future, IntoFuture, Poll};
 
 use crate::data::RouteData;
@@ -19,7 +20,10 @@ type BoxedRouteService<Req, Res> = Box<
         Request = Req,
         Response = Res,
         Error = Error,
-        Future = Box<Future<Item = Res, Error = Error>>,
+        Future = Either<
+            FutureResult<Res, Error>,
+            Box<Future<Item = Res, Error = Error>>,
+        >,
     >,
 >;
 
@@ -50,11 +54,10 @@ impl<P: 'static> Route<P> {
     pub fn new() -> Route<P> {
         let data_ref = Rc::new(RefCell::new(None));
         Route {
-            service: Box::new(RouteNewService::new(
+            service: Box::new(RouteNewService::new(Extract::new(
-                Extract::new(data_ref.clone()).and_then(
+                data_ref.clone(),
-                    Handler::new(HttpResponse::NotFound).map_err(|_| panic!()),
+                Handler::new(|| HttpResponse::NotFound()),
-                ),
+            ))),
-            )),
             guards: Rc::new(Vec::new()),
             data: None,
             data_ref,
@@ -131,7 +134,10 @@ impl<P> Service for RouteService<P> {
     type Request = ServiceRequest<P>;
     type Response = ServiceResponse;
     type Error = Error;
-    type Future = Box<Future<Item = Self::Response, Error = Self::Error>>;
+    type Future = Either<
+        FutureResult<Self::Response, Self::Error>,
+        Box<Future<Item = Self::Response, Error = Self::Error>>,
+    >;
 
     fn poll_ready(&mut self) -> Poll<(), Self::Error> {
         self.service.poll_ready()
@@ -235,10 +241,10 @@ impl<P: 'static> Route<P> {
         T: FromRequest<P> + 'static,
         R: Responder + 'static,
     {
-        self.service = Box::new(RouteNewService::new(
+        self.service = Box::new(RouteNewService::new(Extract::new(
-            Extract::new(self.data_ref.clone())
+            self.data_ref.clone(),
-                .and_then(Handler::new(handler).map_err(|_| panic!())),
+            Handler::new(handler),
-        ));
+        )));
         self
     }
 
@@ -277,10 +283,10 @@ impl<P: 'static> Route<P> {
         R::Item: Into<Response>,
         R::Error: Into<Error>,
     {
-        self.service = Box::new(RouteNewService::new(
+        self.service = Box::new(RouteNewService::new(Extract::new(
-            Extract::new(self.data_ref.clone())
+            self.data_ref.clone(),
-                .and_then(AsyncHandler::new(handler).map_err(|_| panic!())),
+            AsyncHandler::new(handler),
-        ));
+        )));
         self
     }
 
@@ -394,17 +400,25 @@ where
     type Request = ServiceRequest<P>;
     type Response = ServiceResponse;
     type Error = Error;
-    type Future = Box<Future<Item = Self::Response, Error = Self::Error>>;
+    type Future = Either<
+        FutureResult<Self::Response, Self::Error>,
+        Box<Future<Item = Self::Response, Error = Self::Error>>,
+    >;
 
     fn poll_ready(&mut self) -> Poll<(), Self::Error> {
         self.service.poll_ready().map_err(|(e, _)| e)
     }
 
     fn call(&mut self, req: ServiceRequest<P>) -> Self::Future {
-        Box::new(self.service.call(req).then(|res| match res {
+        let mut fut = self.service.call(req);
-            Ok(res) => Ok(res),
+        match fut.poll() {
-            Err((err, req)) => Ok(req.error_response(err)),
+            Ok(Async::Ready(res)) => Either::A(ok(res)),
-        }))
+            Err((e, req)) => Either::A(ok(req.error_response(e))),
+            Ok(Async::NotReady) => Either::B(Box::new(fut.then(|res| match res {
+                Ok(res) => Ok(res),
+                Err((err, req)) => Ok(req.error_response(err)),
+            }))),
+        }
     }
 }
 

src/scope.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,10 @@ type Guards = Vec<Box<Guard>>;
 type HttpService<P> = BoxedService<ServiceRequest<P>, ServiceResponse, Error>;
 type HttpNewService<P> =
     BoxedNewService<(), ServiceRequest<P>, ServiceResponse, Error, ()>;
-type BoxedResponse = Box<Future<Item = ServiceResponse, Error = Error>>;
+type BoxedResponse = Either<
+    FutureResult<ServiceResponse, Error>,
+    Box<Future<Item = ServiceResponse, Error = Error>>,
+>;
 
 /// Resources scope.
 ///

src/service.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 use std::cell::{Ref, RefMut};
 use std::fmt;
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
-use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use actix_http::body::{Body, MessageBody, ResponseBody};
 use actix_http::http::{HeaderMap, Method, StatusCode, Uri, Version};
 use actix_http::{
-    Error, Extensions, HttpMessage, Payload, PayloadStream, Request, RequestHead,
+    Error, Extensions, HttpMessage, Payload, PayloadStream, RequestHead, Response,
-    Response, ResponseHead,
+    ResponseHead,
 };
 use actix_router::{Path, Resource, Url};
 use futures::future::{ok, FutureResult, IntoFuture};
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@ use futures::future::{ok, FutureResult, IntoFuture};
 use crate::config::{AppConfig, ServiceConfig};
 use crate::data::Data;
 use crate::request::HttpRequest;
-use crate::rmap::ResourceMap;
 
 pub trait HttpServiceFactory<P> {
     fn register(self, config: &mut ServiceConfig<P>);
@@ -56,19 +54,6 @@ pub struct ServiceRequest<P = PayloadStream> {
 }
 
 impl<P> ServiceRequest<P> {
-    pub(crate) fn new(
-        path: Path<Url>,
-        request: Request<P>,
-        rmap: Rc<ResourceMap>,
-        config: AppConfig,
-    ) -> Self {
-        let (head, payload) = request.into_parts();
-        ServiceRequest {
-            payload,
-            req: HttpRequest::new(head, path, rmap, config),
-        }
-    }
-
     /// Construct service request from parts
     pub fn from_parts(req: HttpRequest, payload: Payload<P>) -> Self {
         ServiceRequest { req, payload }
@@ -95,13 +80,13 @@ impl<P> ServiceRequest<P> {
     /// This method returns reference to the request head
     #[inline]
     pub fn head(&self) -> &RequestHead {
-        &self.req.head
+        &self.req.head()
     }
 
     /// This method returns reference to the request head
     #[inline]
     pub fn head_mut(&mut self) -> &mut RequestHead {
-        &mut self.req.head
+        self.req.head_mut()
     }
 
     /// Request's uri.
@@ -160,12 +145,12 @@ impl<P> ServiceRequest<P> {
     /// access the matched value for that segment.
     #[inline]
     pub fn match_info(&self) -> &Path<Url> {
-        &self.req.path
+        self.req.match_info()
     }
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn match_info_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Path<Url> {
-        &mut self.req.path
+        self.req.match_info_mut()
     }
 
     /// Service configuration
@@ -203,13 +188,13 @@ impl<P> HttpMessage for ServiceRequest<P> {
     /// Request extensions
     #[inline]
     fn extensions(&self) -> Ref<Extensions> {
-        self.req.head.extensions()
+        self.req.extensions()
     }
 
     /// Mutable reference to a the request's extensions
     #[inline]
     fn extensions_mut(&self) -> RefMut<Extensions> {
-        self.req.head.extensions_mut()
+        self.req.extensions_mut()
     }
 
     #[inline]

src/test.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use futures::future::{lazy, Future};
 use crate::config::{AppConfig, AppConfigInner};
 use crate::data::RouteData;
 use crate::dev::{Body, Payload};
+use crate::request::HttpRequestPool;
 use crate::rmap::ResourceMap;
 use crate::service::{ServiceRequest, ServiceResponse};
 use crate::{Error, HttpRequest, HttpResponse};
@@ -326,14 +327,17 @@ impl TestRequest {
 
     /// Complete request creation and generate `ServiceRequest` instance
     pub fn to_srv_request(mut self) -> ServiceRequest<PayloadStream> {
-        let req = self.req.finish();
+        let (head, payload) = self.req.finish().into_parts();
 
-        ServiceRequest::new(
+        let req = HttpRequest::new(
-            Path::new(Url::new(req.uri().clone())),
+            Path::new(Url::new(head.uri.clone())),
-            req,
+            head,
             Rc::new(self.rmap),
             AppConfig::new(self.config),
-        )
+            HttpRequestPool::create(),
+        );
+
+        ServiceRequest::from_parts(req, payload)
     }
 
     /// Complete request creation and generate `ServiceResponse` instance
@@ -343,34 +347,32 @@ impl TestRequest {
 
     /// Complete request creation and generate `HttpRequest` instance
     pub fn to_http_request(mut self) -> HttpRequest {
-        let req = self.req.finish();
+        let (head, _) = self.req.finish().into_parts();
 
-        let mut req = ServiceRequest::new(
+        let mut req = HttpRequest::new(
-            Path::new(Url::new(req.uri().clone())),
+            Path::new(Url::new(head.uri.clone())),
-            req,
+            head,
             Rc::new(self.rmap),
             AppConfig::new(self.config),
-        )
+            HttpRequestPool::create(),
-        .into_parts()
+        );
-        .0;
         req.set_route_data(Some(Rc::new(self.route_data)));
         req
     }
 
     /// Complete request creation and generate `HttpRequest` and `Payload` instances
     pub fn to_http_parts(mut self) -> (HttpRequest, Payload) {
-        let req = self.req.finish();
+        let (head, payload) = self.req.finish().into_parts();
 
-        let (mut req, pl) = ServiceRequest::new(
+        let mut req = HttpRequest::new(
-            Path::new(Url::new(req.uri().clone())),
+            Path::new(Url::new(head.uri.clone())),
-            req,
+            head,
             Rc::new(self.rmap),
             AppConfig::new(self.config),
-        )
+            HttpRequestPool::create(),
-        .into_parts();
+        );
-
         req.set_route_data(Some(Rc::new(self.route_data)));
-        (req, pl)
+        (req, payload)
     }
 
     /// Runs the provided future, blocking the current thread until the future