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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Session management for Actix Web."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, actix_session"><title>actix_session - Rust</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../storage.js"></script><script defer src="../crates.js"></script><script defer src="../main.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://actix.rs/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc mod crate"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="mobile-topbar"><button class="sidebar-menu-toggle">☰</button><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../actix_session/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img src="https://actix.rs/img/logo.png" alt="logo"></div></a><h2 class="location"></h2></nav><nav class="sidebar"><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../actix_session/index.html"><div class="logo-container">
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<img src="https://actix.rs/img/logo.png" alt="logo"></div></a><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Crate actix_session</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block"><ul><li class="version">Version 0.7.1</li><li><a id="all-types" href="all.html">All Items</a></li></ul></div><section><div class="block"><ul><li><a href="#modules">Modules</a></li><li><a href="#structs">Structs</a></li><li><a href="#enums">Enums</a></li><li><a href="#traits">Traits</a></li></ul></div></section></div></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><div class="sub-container"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../actix_session/index.html">
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<img src="https://actix.rs/img/logo.png" alt="logo"></a><nav class="sub"><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><span></span><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"><div id="help-button" title="help" tabindex="-1"><button type="button">?</button></div><div id="settings-menu" tabindex="-1"><a href="../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="22" height="22" alt="Change settings" src="../wheel.svg"></a></div></div></form></nav></div><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Crate <a class="mod" href="#">actix_session</a><button id="copy-path" onclick="copy_path(this)" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../clipboard.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></span></h1><span class="out-of-band"><a class="srclink" href="../src/actix_session/lib.rs.html#1-732">source</a> · <a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">−</span>]</a></span></div><details class="rustdoc-toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Session management for Actix Web.</p>
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<p>The HTTP protocol, at a first glance, is stateless: the client sends a request, the server
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parses its content, performs some processing and returns a response. The outcome is only
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influenced by the provided inputs (i.e. the request content) and whatever state the server
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queries while performing its processing.</p>
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<p>Stateless systems are easier to reason about, but they are not quite as powerful as we need them
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to be - e.g. how do you authenticate a user? The user would be forced to authenticate <strong>for
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every single request</strong>. That is, for example, how ‘Basic’ Authentication works. While it may
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work for a machine user (i.e. an API client), it is impractical for a person—you do not want a
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login prompt on every single page you navigate to!</p>
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<p>There is a solution - <strong>sessions</strong>. Using sessions the server can attach state to a set of
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requests coming from the same client. They are built on top of cookies - the server sets a
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cookie in the HTTP response (<code>Set-Cookie</code> header), the client (e.g. the browser) will store the
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cookie and play it back to the server when sending new requests (using the <code>Cookie</code> header).</p>
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<p>We refer to the cookie used for sessions as a <strong>session cookie</strong>. Its content is called
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<strong>session key</strong> (or <strong>session ID</strong>), while the state attached to the session is referred to as
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<strong>session state</strong>.</p>
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<p><code>actix-session</code> provides an easy-to-use framework to manage sessions in applications built on
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top of Actix Web. <a href="struct.SessionMiddleware.html" title="SessionMiddleware"><code>SessionMiddleware</code></a> is the middleware underpinning the functionality
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provided by <code>actix-session</code>; it takes care of all the session cookie handling and instructs the
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<strong>storage backend</strong> to create/delete/update the session state based on the operations performed
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against the active <a href="struct.Session.html" title="Session"><code>Session</code></a>.</p>
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<p><code>actix-session</code> provides some built-in storage backends: (<a href="storage/struct.CookieSessionStore.html"><code>CookieSessionStore</code></a>,
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<a href="storage/struct.RedisSessionStore.html"><code>RedisSessionStore</code></a>, and <a href="storage/struct.RedisActorSessionStore.html"><code>RedisActorSessionStore</code></a>) - you can create a custom storage backend
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by implementing the <a href="storage/trait.SessionStore.html"><code>SessionStore</code></a> trait.</p>
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<p>Further reading on sessions:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6265">RFC6265</a>;</li>
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<li><a href="https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Session_Management_Cheat_Sheet.html">OWASP’s session management cheat-sheet</a>.</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="getting-started"><a href="#getting-started">Getting started</a></h2>
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<p>To start using sessions in your Actix Web application you must register <a href="struct.SessionMiddleware.html" title="SessionMiddleware"><code>SessionMiddleware</code></a>
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as a middleware on your <code>App</code>:</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">actix_web</span>::{<span class="ident">web</span>, <span class="ident">App</span>, <span class="ident">HttpServer</span>, <span class="ident">HttpResponse</span>, <span class="ident">Error</span>};
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">actix_session</span>::{<span class="ident">Session</span>, <span class="ident">SessionMiddleware</span>, <span class="ident">storage::RedisActorSessionStore</span>};
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">actix_web::cookie::Key</span>;
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">actix_web::main</span>]</span>
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<span class="kw">async</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">main</span>() -> <span class="ident">std::io::Result</span><span class="op"><</span>()<span class="op">></span> {
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<span class="comment">// The secret key would usually be read from a configuration file/environment variables.</span>
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<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">secret_key</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">Key::generate</span>();
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<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">redis_connection_string</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"127.0.0.1:6379"</span>;
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<span class="ident">HttpServer::new</span>(<span class="kw">move</span> <span class="op">|</span><span class="op">|</span>
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<span class="ident">App::new</span>()
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<span class="comment">// Add session management to your application using Redis for session state storage</span>
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.<span class="ident">wrap</span>(
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<span class="ident">SessionMiddleware::new</span>(
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<span class="ident">RedisActorSessionStore::new</span>(<span class="ident">redis_connection_string</span>),
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<span class="ident">secret_key</span>.<span class="ident">clone</span>()
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)
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)
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.<span class="ident">default_service</span>(<span class="ident">web::to</span>(<span class="op">|</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">HttpResponse::Ok</span>())))
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.<span class="ident">bind</span>((<span class="string">"127.0.0.1"</span>, <span class="number">8080</span>))<span class="question-mark">?</span>
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.<span class="ident">run</span>()
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.<span class="kw">await</span>
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}</code></pre></div>
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<p>The session state can be accessed and modified by your request handlers using the <a href="struct.Session.html" title="Session"><code>Session</code></a>
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extractor.</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">actix_web::Error</span>;
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">actix_session::Session</span>;
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<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">index</span>(<span class="ident">session</span>: <span class="ident">Session</span>) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'static</span> <span class="ident">str</span>, <span class="ident">Error</span><span class="op">></span> {
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<span class="comment">// access the session state</span>
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<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">count</span>) <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">session</span>.<span class="ident">get</span>::<span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">i32</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="string">"counter"</span>)<span class="question-mark">?</span> {
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<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"SESSION value: {}"</span>, <span class="ident">count</span>);
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<span class="comment">// modify the session state</span>
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<span class="ident">session</span>.<span class="ident">insert</span>(<span class="string">"counter"</span>, <span class="ident">count</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="number">1</span>)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
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} <span class="kw">else</span> {
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<span class="ident">session</span>.<span class="ident">insert</span>(<span class="string">"counter"</span>, <span class="number">1</span>)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
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}
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<span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="string">"Welcome!"</span>)
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}</code></pre></div>
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<h2 id="choosing-a-backend"><a href="#choosing-a-backend">Choosing A Backend</a></h2>
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<p>By default, <code>actix-session</code> does not provide any storage backend to retrieve and save the state
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attached to your sessions. You can enable:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p>a purely cookie-based “backend”, <a href="storage/struct.CookieSessionStore.html"><code>CookieSessionStore</code></a>, using the <code>cookie-session</code> feature
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flag.</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="language-toml"><code>[dependencies]
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actix-session = { version = "...", features = ["cookie-session"] }</code></pre></div></li>
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<li>
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<p>a Redis-based backend via <a href="https://docs.rs/acitx-redis"><code>actix-redis</code></a>,
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<a href="storage/struct.RedisActorSessionStore.html"><code>RedisActorSessionStore</code></a>, using the <code>redis-actor-session</code> feature flag.</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="language-toml"><code>[dependencies]
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actix-session = { version = "...", features = ["redis-actor-session"] }</code></pre></div></li>
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<li>
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<p>a Redis-based backend via <a href="https://docs.rs/redis-rs"><code>redis-rs</code></a>, <a href="storage/struct.RedisSessionStore.html"><code>RedisSessionStore</code></a>, using
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the <code>redis-rs-session</code> feature flag.</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="language-toml"><code>[dependencies]
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actix-session = { version = "...", features = ["redis-rs-session"] }</code></pre></div>
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<p>Add the <code>redis-rs-tls-session</code> feature flag if you want to connect to Redis using a secured
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connection:</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="language-toml"><code>[dependencies]
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actix-session = { version = "...", features = ["redis-rs-session", "redis-rs-tls-session"] }</code></pre></div></li>
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</ul>
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<p>You can implement your own session storage backend using the <a href="storage/trait.SessionStore.html"><code>SessionStore</code></a> trait.</p>
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</div></details><h2 id="modules" class="small-section-header"><a href="#modules">Modules</a></h2><div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="config/index.html" title="actix_session::config mod">config</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Configuration options to tune the behaviour of <a href="struct.SessionMiddleware.html" title="SessionMiddleware"><code>SessionMiddleware</code></a>.</p>
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</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="mod" href="storage/index.html" title="actix_session::storage mod">storage</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Pluggable storage backends for session state.</p>
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</div></div></div><h2 id="structs" class="small-section-header"><a href="#structs">Structs</a></h2><div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="struct" href="struct.Session.html" title="actix_session::Session struct">Session</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>The primary interface to access and modify session state.</p>
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</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="struct" href="struct.SessionGetError.html" title="actix_session::SessionGetError struct">SessionGetError</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Error returned by <a href="struct.Session.html#method.get" title="Session::get"><code>Session::get</code></a>.</p>
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</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="struct" href="struct.SessionInsertError.html" title="actix_session::SessionInsertError struct">SessionInsertError</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Error returned by <a href="struct.Session.html#method.insert" title="Session::insert"><code>Session::insert</code></a>.</p>
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</div></div><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="struct" href="struct.SessionMiddleware.html" title="actix_session::SessionMiddleware struct">SessionMiddleware</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>A middleware for session management in Actix Web applications.</p>
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</div></div></div><h2 id="enums" class="small-section-header"><a href="#enums">Enums</a></h2><div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="enum" href="enum.SessionStatus.html" title="actix_session::SessionStatus enum">SessionStatus</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Status of a <a href="struct.Session.html" title="Session"><code>Session</code></a>.</p>
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</div></div></div><h2 id="traits" class="small-section-header"><a href="#traits">Traits</a></h2><div class="item-table"><div class="item-row"><div class="item-left module-item"><a class="trait" href="trait.SessionExt.html" title="actix_session::SessionExt trait">SessionExt</a></div><div class="item-right docblock-short"><p>Extract a <a href="struct.Session.html" title="Session"><code>Session</code></a> object from various <code>actix-web</code> types (e.g. <code>HttpRequest</code>,
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<code>ServiceRequest</code>, <code>ServiceResponse</code>).</p>
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</div></div></div></section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../" data-current-crate="actix_session" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.64.0-nightly (0f4bcadb4 2022-07-30)" ></div></body></html> |