diff --git a/src/server.rs b/src/server.rs
index 6f129ac9..efdd5541 100644
--- a/src/server.rs
+++ b/src/server.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use actix::{
 use super::accept::{AcceptLoop, AcceptNotify, Command};
 use super::server_config::{Config, ServerConfig};
 use super::server_service::{ServerNewService, ServerServiceFactory};
-use super::service::{IntoNewService, NewService};
+use super::service::NewService;
 use super::worker::{Conn, StopWorker, Worker, WorkerClient};
 use super::{PauseServer, ResumeServer, StopServer, Token};
 
@@ -168,14 +168,11 @@ impl<C: Config> Server<C> {
     }
 
     /// Add new service to server
-    pub fn bind<T, U, N>(mut self, addr: U, srv: T) -> io::Result<Self>
+    pub fn bind<F, U, N>(mut self, addr: U, factory: F) -> io::Result<Self>
     where
+        F: Fn() -> N + Copy + Send + 'static,
         U: net::ToSocketAddrs,
-        T: IntoNewService<N> + Clone,
-        N: NewService<Request = TcpStream, Response = (), Config = C, InitError = io::Error>
-            + Clone
-            + Send
-            + 'static,
+        N: NewService<Request = TcpStream, Response = (), Config = C, InitError = io::Error> + 'static,
         N::Service: 'static,
         N::Future: 'static,
         N::Error: fmt::Display,
@@ -183,28 +180,22 @@ impl<C: Config> Server<C> {
         let sockets = bind_addr(addr)?;
 
         for lst in sockets {
-            self = self.listen(lst, srv.clone())
+            self = self.listen(lst, factory.clone())
         }
         Ok(self)
     }
 
     /// Add new service to server
-    pub fn listen<T, N>(mut self, lst: net::TcpListener, srv: T) -> Self
+    pub fn listen<F, N>(mut self, lst: net::TcpListener, factory: F) -> Self
     where
-        T: IntoNewService<N>,
-        N: NewService<Request = TcpStream, Response = (), Config = C, InitError = io::Error>
-            + Clone
-            + Send
-            + 'static,
+        F: Fn() -> N + Copy + Send + 'static,
+        N: NewService<Request = TcpStream, Response = (), Config = C, InitError = io::Error> + 'static,
         N::Service: 'static,
         N::Future: 'static,
         N::Error: fmt::Display,
     {
         let token = Token(self.services.len());
-        self.services.push(ServerNewService::create(
-            srv.into_new_service(),
-            self.config.clone(),
-        ));
+        self.services.push(ServerNewService::create(factory, self.config.clone()));
         self.sockets.push((token, lst));
         self
     }
diff --git a/src/server_service.rs b/src/server_service.rs
index 15083a6a..4d99c182 100644
--- a/src/server_service.rs
+++ b/src/server_service.rs
@@ -56,23 +56,21 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) struct ServerNewService<T, C> {
-    inner: T,
+pub(crate) struct ServerNewService<F, T, C> where F: Fn() -> T + Send + Clone {
+    inner: F,
     config: C,
     counter: Arc<AtomicUsize>,
 }
 
-impl<T, C: Config> ServerNewService<T, C>
+impl<F, T, C: Config> ServerNewService<F, T, C>
 where
-    T: NewService<Request = TcpStream, Response = (), Config = C, InitError = io::Error>
-        + Clone
-        + Send
-        + 'static,
+    F: Fn() -> T + Send + Clone + 'static,
+    T: NewService<Request = TcpStream, Response = (), Config = C, InitError = io::Error> + 'static,
     T::Service: 'static,
     T::Future: 'static,
     T::Error: fmt::Display,
 {
-    pub(crate) fn create(inner: T, config: C) -> Box<ServerServiceFactory<C> + Send> {
+    pub(crate) fn create(inner: F, config: C) -> Box<ServerServiceFactory<C> + Send> {
         Box::new(Self {
             inner,
             config,
@@ -89,11 +87,10 @@ pub trait ServerServiceFactory<C> {
     fn create(&self) -> Box<Future<Item = BoxedServerService, Error = ()>>;
 }
 
-impl<T, C: Config> ServerServiceFactory<C> for ServerNewService<T, C>
+impl<F, T, C: Config> ServerServiceFactory<C> for ServerNewService<F, T, C>
 where
+    F: Fn() -> T + Send + Clone + 'static,
     T: NewService<Request = TcpStream, Response = (), Config = C, InitError = io::Error>
-        + Clone
-        + Send
         + 'static,
     T::Service: 'static,
     T::Future: 'static,
@@ -114,7 +111,7 @@ where
     fn create(&self) -> Box<Future<Item = BoxedServerService, Error = ()>> {
         let counter = self.counter.clone();
         Box::new(
-            self.inner
+            (self.inner)()
                 .new_service(self.config.clone())
                 .map_err(|_| ())
                 .map(move |inner| {