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    use std::{io, mem};

    use bytes::{Bytes, BytesMut};
    use futures::{Async, Poll};
    use httparse;

    use super::message::{MessageFlags, Request};
    use super::settings::ServiceConfig;
    use error::ParseError;
    use http::header::{HeaderName, HeaderValue};
    use http::{header, HttpTryFrom, Method, Uri, Version};
    use uri::Url;

    const MAX_BUFFER_SIZE: usize = 131_072;
    const MAX_HEADERS: usize = 96;

    pub(crate) struct H1Decoder {
        decoder: Option<EncodingDecoder>,
    }

    #[derive(Debug)]
    pub(crate) enum Message {
        Message { msg: Request, payload: bool },
        Chunk(Bytes),
        Eof,
    }

    #[derive(Debug)]
    pub(crate) enum DecoderError {
        Io(io::Error),
        Error(ParseError),
    }

    impl From<io::Error> for DecoderError {
        fn from(err: io::Error) -> DecoderError {
            DecoderError::Io(err)
        }
    }

    impl H1Decoder {
        pub fn new() -> H1Decoder {
            H1Decoder { decoder: None }
        }

        pub fn decode<H>(
            &mut self, src: &mut BytesMut, settings: &ServiceConfig<H>,
        ) -> Result<Option<Message>, DecoderError> {
            // read payload
            if self.decoder.is_some() {
                match self.decoder.as_mut().unwrap().decode(src)? {
                    Async::Ready(Some(bytes)) => return Ok(Some(Message::Chunk(bytes))),
                    Async::Ready(None) => {
                        self.decoder.take();
                        return Ok(Some(Message::Eof));
                    }
                    Async::NotReady => return Ok(None),
                }
            }

            match self
                .parse_message(src, settings)
                .map_err(DecoderError::Error)?
            {
                Async::Ready((msg, decoder)) => {
                    self.decoder = decoder;
                    Ok(Some(Message::Message {
                        msg,
                        payload: self.decoder.is_some(),
                    }))
                }
                Async::NotReady => {
                    if src.len() >= MAX_BUFFER_SIZE {
                        error!("MAX_BUFFER_SIZE unprocessed data reached, closing");
                        Err(DecoderError::Error(ParseError::TooLarge))
                    } else {
                        Ok(None)
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        fn parse_message<H>(
            &self, buf: &mut BytesMut, settings: &ServiceConfig<H>,
        ) -> Poll<(Request, Option<EncodingDecoder>), ParseError> {
            // Parse http message
            let mut has_upgrade = false;
            let mut chunked = false;
            let mut content_length = None;

            let msg = {
                // Unsafe: we read only this data only after httparse parses headers into.
                // performance bump for pipeline benchmarks.
                let mut headers: [HeaderIndex; MAX_HEADERS] =
                    unsafe { mem::uninitialized() };

                let (len, method, path, version, headers_len) = {
                    let mut parsed: [httparse::Header; MAX_HEADERS] =
                        unsafe { mem::uninitialized() };

                    let mut req = httparse::Request::new(&mut parsed);
                    match req.parse(buf)? {
                        httparse::Status::Complete(len) => {
                            let method = Method::from_bytes(req.method.unwrap().as_bytes())
                                .map_err(|_| ParseError::Method)?;
                            let path = Url::new(Uri::try_from(req.path.unwrap())?);
                            let version = if req.version.unwrap() == 1 {
                                Version::HTTP_11
                            } else {
                                Version::HTTP_10
                            };
                            HeaderIndex::record(buf, req.headers, &mut headers);

                            (len, method, path, version, req.headers.len())
                        }
                        httparse::Status::Partial => return Ok(Async::NotReady),
                    }
                };

                let slice = buf.split_to(len).freeze();

                // convert headers
                let mut msg = settings.get_request();
                {
                    let inner = msg.inner_mut();
                    inner
                        .flags
                        .get_mut()
                        .set(MessageFlags::KEEPALIVE, version != Version::HTTP_10);

                    for idx in headers[..headers_len].iter() {
                        if let Ok(name) =
                            HeaderName::from_bytes(&slice[idx.name.0..idx.name.1])
                        {
                            // Unsafe: httparse check header value for valid utf-8
                            let value = unsafe {
                                HeaderValue::from_shared_unchecked(
                                    slice.slice(idx.value.0, idx.value.1),
                                )
                            };
                            match name {
                                header::CONTENT_LENGTH => {
                                    if let Ok(s) = value.to_str() {
                                        if let Ok(len) = s.parse::<u64>() {
                                            content_length = Some(len);
                                        } else {
                                            debug!("illegal Content-Length: {:?}", len);
                                            return Err(ParseError::Header);
                                        }
                                    } else {
                                        debug!("illegal Content-Length: {:?}", len);
                                        return Err(ParseError::Header);
                                    }
                                }
                                // transfer-encoding
                                header::TRANSFER_ENCODING => {
                                    if let Ok(s) = value.to_str() {
                                        chunked = s.to_lowercase().contains("chunked");
                                    } else {
                                        return Err(ParseError::Header);
                                    }
                                }
                                // connection keep-alive state
                                header::CONNECTION => {
                                    let ka = if let Ok(conn) = value.to_str() {
                                        if version == Version::HTTP_10
                                            && conn.contains("keep-alive")
                                        {
                                            true
                                        } else {
                                            version == Version::HTTP_11 && !(conn
                                                .contains("close")
                                                || conn.contains("upgrade"))
                                        }
                                    } else {
                                        false
                                    };
                                    inner.flags.get_mut().set(MessageFlags::KEEPALIVE, ka);
                                }
                                header::UPGRADE => {
                                    has_upgrade = true;
                                }
                                _ => (),
                            }

                            inner.headers.append(name, value);
                        } else {
                            return Err(ParseError::Header);
                        }
                    }

                    inner.url = path;
                    inner.method = method;
                    inner.version = version;
                }
                msg
            };

            // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.3.3
            let decoder = if chunked {
                // Chunked encoding
                Some(EncodingDecoder::chunked())
            } else if let Some(len) = content_length {
                // Content-Length
                Some(EncodingDecoder::length(len))
            } else if has_upgrade || msg.inner.method == Method::CONNECT {
                // upgrade(websocket) or connect
                Some(EncodingDecoder::eof())
            } else {
                None
            };

            Ok(Async::Ready((msg, decoder)))
        }
    }

    #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
    pub(crate) struct HeaderIndex {
        pub(crate) name: (usize, usize),
        pub(crate) value: (usize, usize),
    }

    impl HeaderIndex {
        pub(crate) fn record(
            bytes: &[u8], headers: &[httparse::Header], indices: &mut [HeaderIndex],
        ) {
            let bytes_ptr = bytes.as_ptr() as usize;
            for (header, indices) in headers.iter().zip(indices.iter_mut()) {
                let name_start = header.name.as_ptr() as usize - bytes_ptr;
                let name_end = name_start + header.name.len();
                indices.name = (name_start, name_end);
                let value_start = header.value.as_ptr() as usize - bytes_ptr;
                let value_end = value_start + header.value.len();
                indices.value = (value_start, value_end);
            }
        }
    }

    /// Decoders to handle different Transfer-Encodings.
    ///
    /// If a message body does not include a Transfer-Encoding, it *should*
    /// include a Content-Length header.
    #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
    pub struct EncodingDecoder {
        kind: Kind,
    }

    impl EncodingDecoder {
        pub fn length(x: u64) -> EncodingDecoder {
            EncodingDecoder {
                kind: Kind::Length(x),
            }
        }

        pub fn chunked() -> EncodingDecoder {
            EncodingDecoder {
                kind: Kind::Chunked(ChunkedState::Size, 0),
            }
        }

        pub fn eof() -> EncodingDecoder {
            EncodingDecoder {
                kind: Kind::Eof(false),
            }
        }
    }

    #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
    enum Kind {
        /// A Reader used when a Content-Length header is passed with a positive
        /// integer.
        Length(u64),
        /// A Reader used when Transfer-Encoding is `chunked`.
        Chunked(ChunkedState, u64),
        /// A Reader used for responses that don't indicate a length or chunked.
        ///
        /// Note: This should only used for `Response`s. It is illegal for a
        /// `Request` to be made with both `Content-Length` and
        /// `Transfer-Encoding: chunked` missing, as explained from the spec:
        ///
        /// > If a Transfer-Encoding header field is present in a response and
        /// > the chunked transfer coding is not the final encoding, the
        /// > message body length is determined by reading the connection until
        /// > it is closed by the server.  If a Transfer-Encoding header field
        /// > is present in a request and the chunked transfer coding is not
        /// > the final encoding, the message body length cannot be determined
        /// > reliably; the server MUST respond with the 400 (Bad Request)
        /// > status code and then close the connection.
        Eof(bool),
    }

    #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
    enum ChunkedState {
        Size,
        SizeLws,
        Extension,
        SizeLf,
        Body,
        BodyCr,
        BodyLf,
        EndCr,
        EndLf,
        End,
    }

    impl EncodingDecoder {
        pub fn decode(&mut self, body: &mut BytesMut) -> Poll<Option<Bytes>, io::Error> {
            match self.kind {
                Kind::Length(ref mut remaining) => {
                    if *remaining == 0 {
                        Ok(Async::Ready(None))
                    } else {
                        if body.is_empty() {
                            return Ok(Async::NotReady);
                        }
                        let len = body.len() as u64;
                        let buf;
                        if *remaining > len {
                            buf = body.take().freeze();
                            *remaining -= len;
                        } else {
                            buf = body.split_to(*remaining as usize).freeze();
                            *remaining = 0;
                        }
                        trace!("Length read: {}", buf.len());
                        Ok(Async::Ready(Some(buf)))
                    }
                }
                Kind::Chunked(ref mut state, ref mut size) => {
                    loop {
                        let mut buf = None;
                        // advances the chunked state
                        *state = try_ready!(state.step(body, size, &mut buf));
                        if *state == ChunkedState::End {
                            trace!("End of chunked stream");
                            return Ok(Async::Ready(None));
                        }
                        if let Some(buf) = buf {
                            return Ok(Async::Ready(Some(buf)));
                        }
                        if body.is_empty() {
                            return Ok(Async::NotReady);
                        }
                    }
                }
                Kind::Eof(ref mut is_eof) => {
                    if *is_eof {
                        Ok(Async::Ready(None))
                    } else if !body.is_empty() {
                        Ok(Async::Ready(Some(body.take().freeze())))
                    } else {
                        Ok(Async::NotReady)
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    macro_rules! byte (
        ($rdr:ident) => ({
            if $rdr.len() > 0 {
                let b = $rdr[0];
                $rdr.split_to(1);
                b
            } else {
                return Ok(Async::NotReady)
            }
        })
    );

    impl ChunkedState {
        fn step(
            &self, body: &mut BytesMut, size: &mut u64, buf: &mut Option<Bytes>,
        ) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            use self::ChunkedState::*;
            match *self {
                Size => ChunkedState::read_size(body, size),
                SizeLws => ChunkedState::read_size_lws(body),
                Extension => ChunkedState::read_extension(body),
                SizeLf => ChunkedState::read_size_lf(body, size),
                Body => ChunkedState::read_body(body, size, buf),
                BodyCr => ChunkedState::read_body_cr(body),
                BodyLf => ChunkedState::read_body_lf(body),
                EndCr => ChunkedState::read_end_cr(body),
                EndLf => ChunkedState::read_end_lf(body),
                End => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::End)),
            }
        }
        fn read_size(rdr: &mut BytesMut, size: &mut u64) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            let radix = 16;
            match byte!(rdr) {
                b @ b'0'...b'9' => {
                    *size *= radix;
                    *size += u64::from(b - b'0');
                }
                b @ b'a'...b'f' => {
                    *size *= radix;
                    *size += u64::from(b + 10 - b'a');
                }
                b @ b'A'...b'F' => {
                    *size *= radix;
                    *size += u64::from(b + 10 - b'A');
                }
                b'\t' | b' ' => return Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::SizeLws)),
                b';' => return Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::Extension)),
                b'\r' => return Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::SizeLf)),
                _ => {
                    return Err(io::Error::new(
                        io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                        "Invalid chunk size line: Invalid Size",
                    ));
                }
            }
            Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::Size))
        }
        fn read_size_lws(rdr: &mut BytesMut) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            trace!("read_size_lws");
            match byte!(rdr) {
                // LWS can follow the chunk size, but no more digits can come
                b'\t' | b' ' => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::SizeLws)),
                b';' => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::Extension)),
                b'\r' => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::SizeLf)),
                _ => Err(io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                    "Invalid chunk size linear white space",
                )),
            }
        }
        fn read_extension(rdr: &mut BytesMut) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            match byte!(rdr) {
                b'\r' => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::SizeLf)),
                _ => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::Extension)), // no supported extensions
            }
        }
        fn read_size_lf(
            rdr: &mut BytesMut, size: &mut u64,
        ) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            match byte!(rdr) {
                b'\n' if *size > 0 => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::Body)),
                b'\n' if *size == 0 => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::EndCr)),
                _ => Err(io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                    "Invalid chunk size LF",
                )),
            }
        }

        fn read_body(
            rdr: &mut BytesMut, rem: &mut u64, buf: &mut Option<Bytes>,
        ) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            trace!("Chunked read, remaining={:?}", rem);

            let len = rdr.len() as u64;
            if len == 0 {
                Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::Body))
            } else {
                let slice;
                if *rem > len {
                    slice = rdr.take().freeze();
                    *rem -= len;
                } else {
                    slice = rdr.split_to(*rem as usize).freeze();
                    *rem = 0;
                }
                *buf = Some(slice);
                if *rem > 0 {
                    Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::Body))
                } else {
                    Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::BodyCr))
                }
            }
        }

        fn read_body_cr(rdr: &mut BytesMut) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            match byte!(rdr) {
                b'\r' => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::BodyLf)),
                _ => Err(io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                    "Invalid chunk body CR",
                )),
            }
        }
        fn read_body_lf(rdr: &mut BytesMut) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            match byte!(rdr) {
                b'\n' => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::Size)),
                _ => Err(io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                    "Invalid chunk body LF",
                )),
            }
        }
        fn read_end_cr(rdr: &mut BytesMut) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            match byte!(rdr) {
                b'\r' => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::EndLf)),
                _ => Err(io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                    "Invalid chunk end CR",
                )),
            }
        }
        fn read_end_lf(rdr: &mut BytesMut) -> Poll<ChunkedState, io::Error> {
            match byte!(rdr) {
                b'\n' => Ok(Async::Ready(ChunkedState::End)),
                _ => Err(io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                    "Invalid chunk end LF",
                )),
            }
        }
    }

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