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https://github.com/actix/actix-website
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91 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
91 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Requests
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---
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import CodeBlock from "@site/src/components/code_block.js";
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# JSON Request
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There are several options for json body deserialization.
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The first option is to use _Json_ extractor. First, you define a handler function that accepts `Json<T>` as a parameter, then, you use the `.to()` method for registering this handler. It is also possible to accept arbitrary valid json object by using `serde_json::Value` as a type `T`.
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First example of json of `JSON Request` depends on `serde`:
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```toml
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[dependencies]
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serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
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```
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Second example of `JSON Request` depends on `serde` and `serde_json` and `futures`:
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```toml
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[dependencies]
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serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
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serde_json = "1"
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futures = "0.3"
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```
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If you want to add default value for a field, refer to `serde`'s [documentation](https://serde.rs/attr-default.html).
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<CodeBlock example="requests" file="main.rs" section="json-request" />
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You may also manually load the payload into memory and then deserialize it.
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In the following example, we will deserialize a _MyObj_ struct. We need to load the request body first and then deserialize the json into an object.
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<CodeBlock example="requests" file="manual.rs" section="json-manual" />
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> A complete example for both options is available in [examples directory][examples].
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## Content Encoding
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Actix Web automatically _decompresses_ payloads. The following codecs are supported:
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- Brotli
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- Gzip
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- Deflate
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- Zstd
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If request headers contain a `Content-Encoding` header, the request payload is decompressed according to the header value. Multiple codecs are not supported, i.e: `Content-Encoding: br, gzip`.
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## Chunked transfer encoding
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Actix automatically decodes _chunked_ encoding. The [`web::Payload`][payloadextractor] extractor already contains the decoded byte stream. If the request payload is compressed with one of the supported compression codecs (br, gzip, deflate), then the byte stream is decompressed.
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## Multipart body
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Actix Web provides multipart stream support with an external crate, [`actix-multipart`][multipartcrate].
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> A full example is available in the [examples directory][multipartexample].
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## Urlencoded body
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Actix Web provides support for _application/x-www-form-urlencoded_ encoded bodies with the [`web::Form`][formencoded] extractor which resolves to the deserialized instance. The type of the instance must implement the `Deserialize` trait from _serde_.
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The _UrlEncoded_ future can resolve into an error in several cases:
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- content type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`
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- transfer encoding is `chunked`.
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- content-length is greater than 256k
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- payload terminates with error.
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<CodeBlock example="requests" file="urlencoded.rs" section="urlencoded" />
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## Streaming request
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_HttpRequest_ is a stream of `Bytes` objects. It can be used to read the request body payload.
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In the following example, we read and print the request payload chunk by chunk:
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<CodeBlock example="requests" file="streaming.rs" section="streaming" />
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[examples]: https://github.com/actix/examples/tree/master/json/json
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[multipartstruct]: https://docs.rs/actix-multipart/0.2/actix_multipart/struct.Multipart.html
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[fieldstruct]: https://docs.rs/actix-multipart/0.2/actix_multipart/struct.Field.html
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[multipartexample]: https://github.com/actix/examples/tree/master/forms/multipart
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[urlencoded]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/4/actix_web/dev/struct.UrlEncoded.html
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[payloadextractor]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/4/actix_web/web/struct.Payload.html
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[multipartcrate]: https://crates.io/crates/actix-multipart
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[formencoded]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/4/actix_web/web/struct.Form.html
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