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97 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
97 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Requests
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menu: docs_advanced
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weight: 200
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---
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# JSON Request
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There are several options for json body deserialization.
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The first option is to use *Json* extractor. First, you define a handler function
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that accepts `Json<T>` as a parameter, then, you use the `.to()` method for registering
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this handler. It is also possible to accept arbitrary valid json object by
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using `serde_json::Value` as a type `T`.
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First example of json of `JSON Request` depends on `serde`:
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```toml
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[dependencies]
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serde = "1"
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````
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Second example of `JSON Request` depends on `serde` and `serde_json`:
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```toml
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[dependencies]
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serde = "1"
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serde_json = "1"
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```
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If you want to add default value for a field, refer to `serde`'s [documentation](https://serde.rs/attr-default.html).
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{{< include-example example="requests" file="main.rs" section="json-request" >}}
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You may also manually load the payload into memory and then deserialize it.
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In the following example, we will deserialize a *MyObj* struct. We need to load the request
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body first and then deserialize the json into an object.
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{{< include-example example="requests" file="manual.rs" section="json-manual" >}}
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> A complete example for both options is available in [examples directory][examples].
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# Content Encoding
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Actix-web automatically *decompresses* payloads. The following codecs are supported:
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* Brotli
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* Gzip
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* Deflate
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* Zstd
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If request headers contain a `Content-Encoding` header, the request payload is decompressed
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according to the header value. Multiple codecs are not supported, i.e: `Content-Encoding: br, gzip`.
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# Chunked transfer encoding
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Actix automatically decodes *chunked* encoding. The [`web::Payload`][payloadextractor]
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extractor already contains the decoded byte stream. If the request payload is compressed
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with one of the supported compression codecs (br, gzip, deflate), then the byte stream
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is decompressed.
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# Multipart body
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Actix-web provides multipart stream support with an external crate, [`actix-multipart`][multipartcrate].
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> A full example is available in the [examples directory][multipartexample].
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# Urlencoded body
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Actix-web provides support for *application/x-www-form-urlencoded* encoded bodies with
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the [`web::Form`][formencoded] extractor which resolves to the deserialized instance. The
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type of the instance must implement the `Deserialize` trait from *serde*.
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The *UrlEncoded* future can resolve into an error in several cases:
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* content type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`
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* transfer encoding is `chunked`.
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* content-length is greater than 256k
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* payload terminates with error.
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{{< include-example example="requests" file="urlencoded.rs" section="urlencoded" >}}
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# Streaming request
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*HttpRequest* is a stream of `Bytes` objects. It can be used to read the request
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body payload.
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In the following example, we read and print the request payload chunk by chunk:
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{{< include-example example="requests" file="streaming.rs" section="streaming" >}}
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[examples]: https://github.com/actix/examples/tree/master/json/json
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[multipartstruct]: https://docs.rs/actix-multipart/0.2/actix_multipart/struct.Multipart.html
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[fieldstruct]: https://docs.rs/actix-multipart/0.2/actix_multipart/struct.Field.html
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[multipartexample]: https://github.com/actix/examples/tree/master/forms/multipart
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[urlencoded]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/3/actix_web/dev/struct.UrlEncoded.html
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[payloadextractor]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/3/actix_web/web/struct.Payload.html
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[multipartcrate]: https://crates.io/crates/actix-multipart
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[formencoded]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/3/actix_web/web/struct.Form.html
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