diff --git a/content/post/deploying-hugo-with-gitea-and-droneci.md b/content/post/deploying-hugo-with-gitea-and-droneci.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f23b903 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/post/deploying-hugo-with-gitea-and-droneci.md @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ ++++ +date = "2018-07-20T13:30:00+02:00" +publishdate = "2018-07-20T13:30:00+02:00" +title = "Deploying a Hugo website using Gitea and DroneCI" +description = "Building a continuous delivery pipeline for static websites generated with Hugo" +draft = true +categories = ["Continuous Delivery", "Hugo"] +tags = ["Hugo", "DevOps", "Gitea", "DroneCI"] + ++++ + +This blog is created using the [Hugo][0] static site generator. I used +to deploy new posts using a bare git repository on the target server +and a `post-receive` hook to build the posts and copy them to the +public web server directory. I followed [this tutorial][1] by Digital +Ocean. This worked well enough but, to deploy the blog, I always needed +to push to a separate git remote. Also I had to set up SSH access to +the server and the new git remote if I wanted to write posts on +another machine. + + + +A few weeks ago, I setup [DroneCI][2] aside my [Gitea][3] instance. +There is a [great plugin for DroneCI][4] to build Hugo websites. +Deploying the generated pages can be done using the [SCP][5] or +[rsync][6] plugins. I decided to use rsync since it would be able to +execute a custom script after copying the files over to the target +machine (which I'm not making use of). To take the load of compressing +requested files from my web server, I use the [`gzip_static` +module][7] of nginx. The compression is done using the following +`Makefile`: + +```Makefile +.PHONY: default clean + +TARGETS = $(shell find . -type f -name '*.html') +TARGETS += $(shell find . -type f -name '*.asc') +TARGETS += $(shell find . -type f -name '*.css') +TARGETS += $(shell find . -type f -name '*.js') +TARGETS += $(shell find . -type f -name '*.txt') +TARGETS += $(shell find . -type f -name '*.xml') +TARGETS += $(shell find . -type f -name '*.svg') +TARGETS_GZ = $(patsubst %, %.gz, $(TARGETS)) + +CC=gzip +CFLAGS=-k -f -9 + +default: $(TARGETS_GZ) + +%.gz : % + $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< + +clean: + rm -f $(TARGETS_GZ) +``` + +This way, when `index.html` is requested and the client requests a +compressed file, nginx will look if `index.html.gz` exists and if it +does, that file will be served, so the web server does not need to +compress the file on the fly. I implemented another step in my build +pipeline between the build and the deploy step, that uses the [Alpine +Linux base image][8], installs `make` and executes the `Makefile`. + +Drone build pipelines are made up of several steps, where the changes +made on the repository in each step are persisted to the next step. So +when the first step (actually it is the second step since the first is +cloning the repository but this is an implicit step) builds the Hugo +website, the `public/` directory will still exist in the new step, so +I can perform the AoT compression and copy all files to the target +server in the third step. At this point my DroneCI configuration +looked like this: + +```yaml +pipeline: + build: + image: cbrgm/drone-hugo:latest + validate: true + url: https://www.vbrandl.net + + compress: + image: alpine:latest + commands: + - apk --no-cache update + - apk add make + - make -C public/ -f ../Makefile + + deploy: + image: drillster/drone-rsync + hosts: [ "vbrandl.net" ] + target: /var/www/vbrandl.net + source: public/* + user: hugo + secrets: [ rsync_key ] +``` + +The SSH key for the user `hugo` on the target server was added as a +secret to the repository so I was able to use rsync. + +At this point I thought it would be fun to implement a staging area +for the blog to test unreleased drafts and get feedback on them, +without releasing them on the main blog. The staging area should be +based of the `develop` branch of the blog and publish every post (draft, +expired and future posts). On my server I created a new directory for +the staging area and let [staging.vbrandl.net][9] point there. + +I made use of [conditional step execution][10] in Drone pipelines to +change the build and deploy steps depending on the branch: + +```yaml +pipeline: + build-dev: + image: cbrgm/drone-hugo:latest + buildDrafts: true + buildFuture: true + buildExpired: true + validate: true + url: https://staging.vbrandl.net + when: + branch: develop + + build-prod: + image: cbrgm/drone-hugo:latest + buildDrafts: false + buildFuture: false + buildExpired: false + validate: true + url: https://www.vbrandl.net + when: + branch: master + + compress: + image: alpine:latest + commands: + - apk --no-cache update + - apk add make + - make -C public/ -f ../Makefile + + deploy-dev: + image: drillster/drone-rsync + hosts: [ "vbrandl.net" ] + target: /var/www/staging.vbrandl.net + source: public/* + user: hugo + secrets: [ rsync_key ] + when: + branch: develop + + deploy-prod: + image: drillster/drone-rsync + hosts: [ "vbrandl.net" ] + target: /var/www/vbrandl.net + source: public/* + user: hugo + secrets: [ rsync_key ] + when: + branch: master +``` + +Now my blog is automatically deployed once I merge new posts into the +`master` branch, and while using a separate staging area for my little +blog might be considered to be overkill, it was pretty fun to +implement a proper deployment pipeline. + +Due to Drones modular approach for build pipelines, it is trivial to +deploy the blog to other targets. There are plugins to deploy to [AWS +S3][11], use [FTP(S)][12] for uploading and many others. Only the + according `deploy-*` steps in the pipeline need to be replaced. + +[0]: https://gohugo.io/ +[1]: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-deploy-a-hugo-site-to-production-with-git-hooks-on-ubuntu-14-04 +[2]: https://drone.io/ +[3]: https://gitea.io/ +[4]: http://plugins.drone.io/cbrgm/drone-hugo/ +[5]: http://plugins.drone.io/appleboy/drone-scp/ +[6]: http://plugins.drone.io/drillster/drone-rsync/ +[7]: http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_gzip_static_module.html +[8]: https://hub.docker.com/_/alpine/ +[9]: https://staging.vbrandl.net/ +[10]: http://docs.drone.io/pipelines/ +[11]: http://plugins.drone.io/drone-plugins/drone-s3/ +[12]: http://plugins.drone.io/christophschlosser/drone-ftps/