actix-extras/guide/src/qs_8.md

Testing

Every application should be well tested and. Actix provides the tools to perform unit and integration tests.

Unit tests

For unit testing actix provides request builder type and simple handler runner. TestRequest implements builder-like pattern. You can generate HttpRequest instance with finish() method or you can run your handler with run() or run_async() methods.

# extern crate http;
# extern crate actix_web;
use http::{header, StatusCode};
use actix_web::*;
use actix_web::test::TestRequest;

fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
     if let Some(hdr) = req.headers().get(header::CONTENT_TYPE) {
        if let Ok(s) = hdr.to_str() {
            return httpcodes::HTTPOk.into()
        }
     }
     httpcodes::HTTPBadRequest.into()
}

fn main() {
    let resp = TestRequest::with_header("content-type", "text/plain")
        .run(index)
        .unwrap();
    assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::OK);

    let resp = TestRequest::default()
        .run(index)
        .unwrap();
    assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST);
}

Integration tests

There are several methods how you can test your application. Actix provides TestServer server that could be used to run whole application of just specific handlers in real http server. At the moment it is required to use third-party libraries to make actual requests, libraries like reqwest.

In simple form TestServer could be configured to use handler. TestServer::new method accepts configuration function, only argument for this function is test application instance. You can check api documentation for more information.

# extern crate actix_web;
extern crate reqwest;
use actix_web::*;
use actix_web::test::TestServer;

fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
     httpcodes::HTTPOk.into()
}

fn main() {
    let srv = TestServer::new(|app| app.handler(index));        // <- Start new test server
    let url = srv.url("/");                                     // <- get handler url
    assert!(reqwest::get(&url).unwrap().status().is_success()); // <- make request
}

Other option is to use application factory. In this case you need to pass factory function same as you use for real http server configuration.

# extern crate actix_web;
extern crate reqwest;
use actix_web::*;
use actix_web::test::TestServer;

fn index(req: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse {
     httpcodes::HTTPOk.into()
}

/// This function get called by http server.
fn create_app() -> Application {
    Application::new()
        .resource("/test", |r| r.h(index))
}

fn main() {
    let srv = TestServer::with_factory(create_app);             // <- Start new test server
    let url = srv.url("/test");                                 // <- get handler url
    assert!(reqwest::get(&url).unwrap().status().is_success()); // <- make request
}

WebSocket server tests

It is possible to register handler with TestApp::handler() method that initiate web socket connection. TestServer provides ws() which connects to websocket server and returns ws reader and writer objects. TestServer also provides execute() method which runs future object to completion and returns result of the future computation.

Here is simple example, that shows how to test server websocket handler.

# extern crate actix;
# extern crate actix_web;
# extern crate futures;
# extern crate http;
# extern crate bytes;

use actix_web::*;
use futures::Stream;
# use actix::prelude::*;

struct Ws;   // <- WebSocket actor

impl Actor for Ws {
    type Context = ws::WebsocketContext<Self>;
}

impl Handler<ws::Message> for Ws {
    type Result = ();

    fn handle(&mut self, msg: ws::Message, ctx: &mut Self::Context) {
        match msg {
            ws::Message::Text(text) => ctx.text(text),
            _ => (),
        }
    }
}

fn main() {
    let mut srv = test::TestServer::new(             // <- start our server with ws handler
        |app| app.handler(|req| ws::start(req, Ws)));

    let (reader, mut writer) = srv.ws().unwrap();    // <- connect to ws server

    writer.text("text");                             // <- send message to server
    
    let (item, reader) = srv.execute(reader.into_future()).unwrap();  // <- wait for one message
    assert_eq!(item, Some(ws::Message::Text("text".to_owned())));
}