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130 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
130 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Server
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menu: docs_basics
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weight: 150
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---
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# The HTTP Server
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The [**HttpServer**][httpserverstruct] type is responsible for serving http requests.
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`HttpServer` accepts an application factory as a parameter, and the application factory
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must have `Send` + `Sync` boundaries. More about that in the *multi-threading* section.
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To bind to a specific socket address, [`bind()`][bindmethod] must be used, and it may be
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called multiple times. To bind ssl socket, [`bind_openssl()`][bindopensslmethod] or
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[`bind_rustls()`][bindrusttls] should be used. To start the http server, use one of the
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start methods.
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- use [`start()`] for a server
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{{< include-example example="server" section="main" >}}
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> It is possible to start a server in a separate thread with the `run()` method. In that
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> case the server spawns a new thread and creates a new actix system in it. To stop
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> this server, send a `StopServer` message.
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`HttpServer` is implemented as an actix actor. It is possible to communicate with the server
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via a messaging system. Start method, e.g. `start()`, returns the address of the started
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http server. It accepts several messages:
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- `PauseServer` - Pause accepting incoming connections
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- `ResumeServer` - Resume accepting incoming connections
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- `StopServer` - Stop incoming connection processing, stop all workers and exit
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{{< include-example example="server" file="signals.rs" section="signals" >}}
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## Multi-threading
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`HttpServer` automatically starts a number of http workers, by default this number is
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equal to number of logical CPUs in the system. This number can be overridden with the
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[`HttpServer::workers()`][workers] method.
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{{< include-example example="server" file="workers.rs" section="workers" >}}
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The server creates a separate application instance for each created worker. Application state
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is not shared between threads. To share state, `Arc` could be used.
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> Application state does not need to be `Send` and `Sync`, but factories must be `Send` + `Sync`.
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## SSL
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There are two features for the ssl server: `rust-tls` and `ssl`. The `rust-tls` feature is for
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`rustls` integration and `ssl` is for `openssl`.
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```toml
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[dependencies]
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actix-web = { version = "{{< actix-version "actix-web" >}}", features = ["ssl"] }
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openssl = { version="0.10" }
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```
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{{< include-example example="server" file="ssl.rs" section="ssl" >}}
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> **Note**: the *HTTP/2.0* protocol requires [tls alpn][tlsalpn].
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> At the moment, only `openssl` has `alpn` support.
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> For a full example, check out [examples/tls][exampletls].
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To create the key.pem and cert.pem use the command. **Fill in your own subject**
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```bash
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$ openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem \
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-days 365 -sha256 -subj "/C=CN/ST=Fujian/L=Xiamen/O=TVlinux/OU=Org/CN=muro.lxd"
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```
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To remove the password, then copy nopass.pem to key.pem
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```bash
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$ openssl rsa -in key.pem -out nopass.pem
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```
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## Keep-Alive
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Actix can wait for requests on a keep-alive connection.
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> *keep alive* connection behavior is defined by server settings.
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- `75`, `Some(75)`, `KeepAlive::Timeout(75)` - enable 75 second *keep alive* timer.
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- `None` or `KeepAlive::Disabled` - disable *keep alive*.
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- `KeepAlive::Tcp(75)` - use `SO_KEEPALIVE` socket option.
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{{< include-example example="server" file="keep_alive.rs" section="keep-alive" >}}
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If the first option above is selected, then *keep alive* state is calculated based on the
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response's *connection-type*. By default `HttpResponse::connection_type` is not
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defined. In that case *keep alive* is defined by the request's http version.
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> *keep alive* is **off** for *HTTP/1.0* and is **on** for *HTTP/1.1* and *HTTP/2.0*.
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*Connection type* can be changed with `HttpResponseBuilder::connection_type()` method.
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{{< include-example example="server" file="keep_alive_tp.rs" section="example" >}}
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## Graceful shutdown
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`HttpServer` supports graceful shutdown. After receiving a stop signal, workers
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have a specific amount of time to finish serving requests. Any workers still alive after the
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timeout are force-dropped. By default the shutdown timeout is set to 30 seconds. You
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can change this parameter with the [`HttpServer::shutdown_timeout()`][shutdowntimeout]
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method.
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You can send a stop message to the server with the server address and specify if you want
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graceful shutdown or not. The [`start()`][startmethod] method returns address of the server.
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`HttpServer` handles several OS signals. *CTRL-C* is available on all OSs, other signals
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are available on unix systems.
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- *SIGINT* - Force shutdown workers
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- *SIGTERM* - Graceful shutdown workers
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- *SIGQUIT* - Force shutdown workers
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> It is possible to disable signal handling with
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[`HttpServer::disable_signals()`][disablesignals] method.
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[httpserverstruct]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/2/actix_web/struct.HttpServer.html
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[bindmethod]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/2/actix_web/struct.HttpServer.html#method.bind
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[bindopensslmethod]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/2/actix_web/struct.HttpServer.html#method.bind_openssl
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[bindrusttls]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/2/actix_web/struct.HttpServer.html#method.bind_rustls
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[startmethod]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/2/actix_web/struct.HttpServer.html#method.start
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[workers]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/2/actix_web/struct.HttpServer.html#method.workers
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[tlsalpn]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7301
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[exampletls]: https://github.com/actix/examples/tree/master/tls
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[shutdowntimeout]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/2/actix_web/struct.HttpServer.html#method.shutdown_timeout
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[disablesignals]: https://docs.rs/actix-web/2/actix_web/struct.HttpServer.html#method.disable_signals
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