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134 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
134 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Server
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menu: docs_basics
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weight: 150
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---
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# The HTTP Server
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The [**HttpServer**](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html) type is responsible for
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serving http requests.
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`HttpServer` accepts an application factory as a parameter, and the
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application factory must have `Send` + `Sync` boundaries. More about that in the
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*multi-threading* section.
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To bind to a specific socket address,
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[`bind()`](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html#method.bind)
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must be used, and it may be called multiple times. To bind ssl socket,
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[`bind_ssl()`](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html#method.bind_ssl)
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or [`bind_tls()`](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html#method.bind_tls)
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should be used. To start the http server, use one of the start methods.
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- use [`start()`](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html#method.start)
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for a server
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`HttpServer` is an actix actor. It must be initialized within a properly
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configured actix system:
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{{< include-example example="server" section="main" >}}
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> It is possible to start a server in a separate thread with the `run()` method. In that
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> case the server spawns a new thread and creates a new actix system in it. To stop
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> this server, send a `StopServer` message.
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`HttpServer` is implemented as an actix actor. It is possible to communicate with the server
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via a messaging system. Start method, e.g. `start()`, returns the
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address of the started http server. It accepts several messages:
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- `PauseServer` - Pause accepting incoming connections
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- `ResumeServer` - Resume accepting incoming connections
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- `StopServer` - Stop incoming connection processing, stop all workers and exit
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{{< include-example example="server" file="signals.rs" section="signals" >}}
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## Multi-threading
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`HttpServer` automatically starts a number of http workers, by default
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this number is equal to number of logical CPUs in the system. This number
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can be overridden with the
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[`HttpServer::workers()`](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html#method.workers) method.
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{{< include-example example="server" file="workers.rs" section="workers" >}}
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The server creates a separate application instance for each created worker. Application state
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is not shared between threads. To share state, `Arc` could be used.
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> Application state does not need to be `Send` and `Sync`,
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> but factories must be `Send` + `Sync`.
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## SSL
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There are two features for ssl server: `tls` and `alpn`. The `tls` feature is
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for `native-tls` integration and `alpn` is for `openssl`.
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```toml
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[dependencies]
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actix-web = { version = "{{< actix-version "actix-web" >}}", features = ["alpn"] }
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```
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{{< include-example example="server" file="ssl.rs" section="ssl" >}}
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> **Note**: the *HTTP/2.0* protocol requires
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> [tls alpn](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7301).
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> At the moment, only `openssl` has `alpn` support.
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> For a full example, check out
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> [examples/tls](https://github.com/actix/examples/tree/master/tls).
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To create the key.pem and cert.pem use the command. **Fill in your own subject**
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```bash
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$ openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem \
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-days 365 -sha256 -subj "/C=CN/ST=Fujian/L=Xiamen/O=TVlinux/OU=Org/CN=muro.lxd"
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```
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To remove the password, then copy nopass.pem to key.pem
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```bash
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$ openssl rsa -in key.pem -out nopass.pem
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```
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## Keep-Alive
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Actix can wait for requests on a keep-alive connection.
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> *keep alive* connection behavior is defined by server settings.
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- `75`, `Some(75)`, `KeepAlive::Timeout(75)` - enable 75 second *keep alive* timer.
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- `None` or `KeepAlive::Disabled` - disable *keep alive*.
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- `KeepAlive::Tcp(75)` - use `SO_KEEPALIVE` socket option.
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{{< include-example example="server" file="ka.rs" section="ka" >}}
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If the first option is selected, then *keep alive* state is
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calculated based on the response's *connection-type*. By default
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`HttpResponse::connection_type` is not defined. In that case *keep alive* is
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defined by the request's http version.
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> *keep alive* is **off** for *HTTP/1.0* and is **on** for *HTTP/1.1* and *HTTP/2.0*.
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*Connection type* can be changed with `HttpResponseBuilder::connection_type()` method.
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{{< include-example example="server" file="ka_tp.rs" section="example" >}}
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## Graceful shutdown
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`HttpServer` supports graceful shutdown. After receiving a stop signal, workers
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have a specific amount of time to finish serving requests. Any workers still alive after the
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timeout are force-dropped. By default the shutdown timeout is set to 30 seconds.
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You can change this parameter with the
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[`HttpServer::shutdown_timeout()`](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html#method.shutdown_timeout) method.
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You can send a stop message to the server with the server address and specify if you want
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graceful shutdown or not. The
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[`start()`](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html#method.start)
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method returns address of the server.
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`HttpServer` handles several OS signals. *CTRL-C* is available on all OSs,
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other signals are available on unix systems.
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- *SIGINT* - Force shutdown workers
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- *SIGTERM* - Graceful shutdown workers
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- *SIGQUIT* - Force shutdown workers
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> It is possible to disable signal handling with
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> [`HttpServer::disable_signals()`](../../actix-web/actix_web/server/struct.HttpServer.html#method.disable_signals)
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> method.
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